Martínez-Sánchez José M, Fu Marcela, Schiaffino Anna, Sureda Xisca, Saltó Esteve, Moncada Albert, Ariza Carles, Nebot Manel, Pascual José A, Fernández Esteve
Unitat de Control del Tabaquisme, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Barcelona, España.
Adicciones. 2012;24(2):173-7.
The objective of this study is to describe the differences in the exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) at home and at leisure time according to the day of the week (working and non-working day) which exposure occurs in Barcelona. We carried out a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of adult (>16 years) non-smokers in Barcelona before the Spanish smoking law came into effect (years 2004-2005). We studied the prevalence of exposure to SHS at home and leisure time by means of a questionnaire and a biomarker (salivary cotinine). The questionnaire included questions on exposure to SHS on working days and nonworking days. The prevalence of exposure to SHS at home was 27.4% (6.8% exposed only on working days, 5.7% exposed only on non-working days, and 14.9% exposed on both working and non-working days). The prevalence of exposure to SHS at leisure time was 61.3% (10.7% exposed only on working days, 13.6% exposed only on non-working days, and 37.0% exposed on both working and non-working days). The exposure to SHS only on non-working days at leisure time decreases with age (χ(2) of trend = 183.7; p<0.001) and increases with the educational level (χ(2) of trend = 78.8; p<0.001). Participants who had reported to be exposed to SHS at home on working and non-working days showed higher levels of salivary cotinine concentration, regardless of sex, age group, and educational level. In conclusion, the exposure to SHS occurs mainly during leisure time. Questions on SHS exposure according to working and non-working days allow to characterizing the exposure to SHS, especially when the exposure occurs at leisure time.
本研究的目的是描述巴塞罗那居民在工作日和非工作日在家中和休闲时接触二手烟（SHS）的差异。我们在西班牙吸烟法生效前（2004 - 2005年），对巴塞罗那具有代表性的成年（>16岁）非吸烟者样本进行了一项横断面研究。我们通过问卷调查和生物标志物（唾液可替宁）研究在家中和休闲时接触二手烟的患病率。问卷包括关于工作日和非工作日接触二手烟的问题。在家中接触二手烟的患病率为27.4%（仅在工作日接触的占6.8%，仅在非工作日接触的占5.7%，在工作日和非工作日均接触的占14.9%）。在休闲时接触二手烟的患病率为61.3%（仅在工作日接触的占10.7%，仅在非工作日接触的占13.6%，在工作日和非工作日均接触的占37.0%）。仅在非工作日休闲时接触二手烟的情况随年龄降低（趋势χ(2)=183.7；p<0.001）且随教育水平升高（趋势χ(2)=78.8；p<0.001）。报告在工作日和非工作日在家中接触二手烟的参与者，无论性别、年龄组和教育水平如何，唾液可替宁浓度水平都较高。总之，二手烟暴露主要发生在休闲时间。根据工作日和非工作日询问二手烟暴露情况有助于描述二手烟暴露特征，尤其是在休闲时发生的暴露。
