Wells C M, Edwards A M, Winter E M, Fysh M L, Drust B
Sheffield Hallam University, Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield, UK.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012 Jun;52(3):245-54.
The purpose of this study was to identify if sport-specific and cardiopulmonary exercise testing differentiated professional from amateur soccer players.
Thirty six men comprising 18 professional (mean±s: age 23.2±2.4 years) and 18 amateur (mean±SD: age 21.1±1.6 years) soccer players participated and performed four tests on separate occasions: 1) a graded exercise test to determine VO2max; 2) four exercise transients from walking to 80%Δ for the determination of VO2 kinetics; 3) the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) and 4) a repeated sprint test (RST).
The players did not differ in VO2max (professional 56.5±2.9 mL.kg-1.min-1; amateur 55.7±3.5 mL.kg-1.min-1: P=0.484) or VO2 kinetic fundamental measures (τ1 onset, professional 24.5±3.2 s; amateur 24.0±1.8 s: τ1 cessation, professional 28.7±2.8 s; amateur 29.3±3.5 s: P=0.923). However, the amateurs were outperformed in the Yo-Yo IR2 (Professional 966±153 m; Amateur 840±156 m) (P=0.034) and RST (best time, professional 6.46±0.27 s; amateur 6.84±0.24 s, P=0.012).
Performance indices derived from field-based sport-specific performance tests identified significant differences between professional and amateur players (P<0.05). However, neither tests of VO2 kinetics nor VO2max differentiated between groups, suggesting laboratory tests of cardiorespiratory parameters are probably less consequential to soccer than sport-specific field-based observations.
本研究旨在确定特定运动和心肺运动测试能否区分职业足球运动员和业余足球运动员。
36名男性参与研究，其中包括18名职业足球运动员（平均±标准差：年龄23.2±2.4岁）和18名业余足球运动员（平均±标准差：年龄21.1±1.6岁），他们在不同时间进行了四项测试：1）递增运动测试以确定最大摄氧量（VO2max）；2）从步行到80%Δ的四个运动瞬变以测定VO2动力学；3）Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试2级（Yo-Yo IR2）；4）重复冲刺测试（RST）。
运动员在最大摄氧量方面无差异（职业运动员56.5±2.9 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；业余运动员55.7±3.5 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹：P = 0.484），在VO2动力学基本指标方面也无差异（τ1起始，职业运动员24.5±3.2秒；业余运动员24.0±1.8秒：τ1终止，职业运动员28.7±2.8秒；业余运动员29.3±3.5秒：P = 0.923）。然而，业余运动员在Yo-Yo IR2测试（职业运动员966±153米；业余运动员840±156米）（P = 0.034）和RST测试（最佳时间，职业运动员6.46±0.27秒；业余运动员6.84±0.24秒，P = 0.012）中的表现不如职业运动员。
基于场地的特定运动表现测试得出的表现指标显示职业和业余运动员之间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。然而，VO2动力学测试和最大摄氧量测试均未区分出两组差异，这表明心肺参数的实验室测试对于足球运动来说可能不如基于场地的特定运动观察重要。
