Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Am J Ind Med. 2012 Nov;55(11):1037-43. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22074. Epub 2012 May 30.
Very little is known about occupational risk factors for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The aim of this study was to evaluate occupational and other potential risk factors for CRS in a Danish population.
A cross sectional survey study among 4,554 Danes aged 20-75 years evaluated self-reported symptoms of CRS, asthma, and nasal allergy, along with information on smoking habits and occupation.
A total of 3,099 returned completed questionnaires (response rate 68.1%). The overall CRS prevalence was 7.8% with no significant differences related to age or gender. Risk ratio estimates revealed an increased risk of CRS among female blue collar workers compared to female white collar workers. Among men the effect of occupation depended on smoking status. Occupational exposure to gasses, fumes, dust, or smoke increased the overall risk of CRS. CRS was reported approximately four times as often in subjects with asthma and in subjects with nasal allergy. Current smoking doubled the CRS prevalence.
CRS prevalence was affected by occupation (blue vs. white collar), but the observed effect depended on gender and smoking status. Exposure to airway irritants (occupational or smoking) increased the CRS prevalence. Studies on larger cohorts are needed to fully assess these tendencies, for example, by more extensive use of Job Exposure Matrix models.
对于慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的职业风险因素知之甚少。本研究旨在评估丹麦人群中与职业相关的其他潜在 CRS 危险因素。
一项在 20-75 岁的 4554 名丹麦人中开展的横断面调查研究，评估了 CRS、哮喘和鼻过敏的自我报告症状，以及吸烟习惯和职业信息。
共有 3099 人返回了完整的问卷（应答率为 68.1%）。CRS 的总体患病率为 7.8%，与年龄或性别无关。风险比估计显示，与女性白领相比，女性蓝领工人患 CRS 的风险增加。对于男性，职业的影响取决于吸烟状况。职业性接触气体、烟雾、粉尘或烟雾会增加 CRS 的总体风险。与哮喘和鼻过敏患者相比，CRS 的报告更为常见。目前吸烟使 CRS 的患病率增加了一倍。
CRS 的患病率受职业（蓝领与白领）影响，但观察到的影响取决于性别和吸烟状况。气道刺激物（职业或吸烟）暴露会增加 CRS 的患病率。需要更大的队列研究来充分评估这些趋势，例如，更广泛地使用职业暴露矩阵模型。
