From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alkholaiwi), College of Medicine, Imam Mohmmad Ibn Saud Islamic University; from the Collage of Medicine (Almutairi, Alrajhi, Alturki, Binyousef), Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh; and from Unaizah Collage of Medicine (Almutairi) Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2022 Feb;43(2):125-131. doi: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.2.20210849.
To find the association between environmental and occupational exposures and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) development.
The Preferred Reporting Items Of Systematic Reviews Guidelines were used when a systematic literature review was conducted to find all published cases of CRS by searching PubMed database and Google Scholar. Published articles between 1989 and 2021 that reported chronic and occupational rhinosinusitis were included. However, articles that reported allergic rhinitis or upper airway diseases and non-English articles were excluded from this study.
A total of 97 articles were extracted initially, and 15 articles were reviewed after excluding 82 articles that did not match our inclusion criteria. Most studies linked CRS development to smoke exposure (n=9734), followed by living in rural areas as farms (n=5504). Exposure to pesticides (n=4248) contributed to a higher prevalence of CRS. Blue-collar occupations, such as fire fighters, farmers, and fishermen were significantly related to CRS development in a total of 5260 patients. Chronic rhinosinusitis mainly affected more men (n=8912) than women (n=8076).
We found that smoking was the most aggravating environmental factor. Chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms' severity increased with direct contact with allergens. Thus, the greatest proportion of patients with CRS was those with blue-collar occupations, such as firefighters, farmers, and fishermen.
探讨环境和职业暴露与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）发展之间的关系。
通过检索 PubMed 数据库和 Google Scholar，对所有已发表的 CRS 病例进行系统文献综述，采用系统评价首选报告条目（PRISMA）指南。纳入 1989 年至 2021 年期间报告慢性和职业性鼻-鼻窦炎的已发表文章，但排除了报告变应性鼻炎或上呼吸道疾病和非英文文章的文章。
最初提取了 97 篇文章，排除 82 篇不符合纳入标准的文章后，共审查了 15 篇文章。大多数研究将 CRS 的发展与吸烟暴露（n=9734）联系起来，其次是居住在农村地区的农场（n=5504）。接触杀虫剂（n=4248）与 CRS 的更高患病率有关。共有 5260 名患者的蓝领职业，如消防员、农民和渔民，与 CRS 的发展显著相关。CRS 主要影响更多的男性（n=8912）而不是女性（n=8076）。
我们发现吸烟是最严重的环境因素。慢性鼻-鼻窦炎症状的严重程度随着与过敏原的直接接触而增加。因此，CRS 患者中比例最大的是消防员、农民和渔民等蓝领职业。
