Totić-Poznanović Sanja, Šaula-Marojević Biljana, Zebić Mirjana
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2012 Mar-Apr;140(3-4):204-10. doi: 10.2298/sarh1204204t.
Studies consistently show a connection between perfectionism as a multidimensional construct with various psychological and psychopathological states and characteristics. However, studies that analyze the connection between this concept and sleep disturbances, especially modalities of insomnia, are rare.
The aim of this study was to examine whether dimensions of perfectionism can explain different forms of insomnia; difficulties initiating sleep (insomnia early), difficulties during the sleep (insomnia middle), waking in early hours of the morning (insomnia late) and dissatisfaction with sleep quality (subjective insomnia).
The sample consisted of 254 students of the School of Medicine in Belgrade. Predictive significance of nine perfectionism dimensions, measured by Frost's and Hewitt's and Flett's scales of multi-dimensional perfectionism, related to four modalities of insomnia, measured by a structured questionnaire, was analyzed by multiple linear regression method.
Perfectionism dimensions are significant predictors of each of the tested forms of insomnia. Doubt about actions significantly predicts initial insomnia; to other-oriented perfectionism in the negative pole and socially prescribed perfectionism underlie the difficulties during the sleep, while organization and parental criticism underlie late insomnia. Significant predictors of subjective insomnia are personal standards and organization and to other-oriented perfectionism on the negative pole. Three of nine analyzed dimensions were not confirmed as significant; concern over mistakes, parental expectations and self-oriented perfectionism.
Various aspects of perfectionism can be considered as a vulnerability factor for understanding some forms of insomnia. Out of all forms of insomnia tested, perfectionism as the personality trait proved to be the most significant for understanding subjective insomnia.
研究一致表明，作为一种多维结构的完美主义与各种心理和精神病理状态及特征之间存在联系。然而，分析这一概念与睡眠障碍，尤其是失眠形式之间联系的研究却很少。
本研究旨在探讨完美主义的各个维度是否能够解释不同形式的失眠；入睡困难（早期失眠）、睡眠过程中的困难（中期失眠）、凌晨早醒（晚期失眠）以及对睡眠质量的不满（主观失眠）。
样本包括254名贝尔格莱德医学院的学生。采用多元线性回归方法分析了由弗罗斯特、休伊特和弗莱特的多维完美主义量表所测量的九个完美主义维度与通过结构化问卷所测量的四种失眠形式之间的预测意义。
完美主义维度是每种测试失眠形式的显著预测因素。对行为的怀疑显著预测早期失眠；消极极点的他人导向完美主义和社会规定的完美主义是睡眠过程中困难的基础，而条理和父母批评是晚期失眠的基础。主观失眠的显著预测因素是个人标准、条理以及消极极点的他人导向完美主义。九个分析维度中有三个未被确认为显著因素；对错误的担忧、父母期望和自我导向完美主义。
完美主义的各个方面可被视为理解某些形式失眠的一个易患因素。在所有测试的失眠形式中，完美主义作为一种人格特质被证明对理解主观失眠最为重要。
