School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Cogn Emot. 2012;26(8):1508-15. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2012.666205. Epub 2012 May 31.
Spatial asymmetries are an intriguing feature of directed attention. Recent observations indicate an influence of temperament upon the direction of these asymmetries. It is unknown whether this influence generalises to visual orienting behaviour. The aim of the current study was therefore to explore the relationship between temperament and measures of spatial orienting as a function of target hemifield. An exogenous cueing task was administered to 92 healthy participants. Temperament was assessed using Carver and White's (1994) Behavioural Inhibition System and Behavioural Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales. Individuals with high sensitivity to punishment and low sensitivity to reward showed a leftward asymmetry of directed attention when there was no informative spatial cue provided. This asymmetry was not present when targets were preceded by spatial cues that were either valid or invalid. The findings support the notion that individual variations in temperament influence spatial asymmetries in visual orienting, but only when lateral targets are preceded by a non-directional (neutral) cue. The results are discussed in terms of hemispheric asymmetries and dopamine activity.
空间不对称性是定向注意的一个有趣特征。最近的观察表明，气质对这些不对称性的方向有影响。目前还不清楚这种影响是否适用于视觉定向行为。因此，本研究的目的是探索气质与空间定向测量之间的关系，作为目标半视野的函数。对 92 名健康参与者进行了外源性提示任务。使用 Carver 和 White（1994）的行为抑制系统和行为激活系统（BIS/BAS）量表评估气质。对惩罚敏感且对奖励不敏感的个体在没有提供信息性空间提示时表现出左向定向注意的不对称性。当目标被有效或无效的空间提示先行时，这种不对称性就不存在了。研究结果支持这样一种观点，即个体气质的变化会影响视觉定向的空间不对称性，但只有在侧目标之前有一个非定向（中性）提示时才会出现这种情况。结果从半球不对称性和多巴胺活性的角度进行了讨论。
