Azide binding to the cytochrome c ferric heme octapeptide. A model for anion binding to the active site of high spin ferric heme proteins.

Equilibrium constants for the binding of azide to the ferric heme c octapeptide in 50% ethylene glycol 50% buffer were measured spectrophotometrically. The equilibrium constant for azide binding at 20 degrees C and pH* 7.4 is 29.2, which is approximately 3 to 4 orders of magnitude lower than that observed for azide binding to various ferric hemeproteins. The equilibrium constant was indepent of pH* in the range from 7 to 8. Equilibrium constants at several temperatures exhibited an apparent van't Hoff relationship yielding thermodynamic values of delta H0 = -26,100 J/mol (-6240 cal/mol) and delta S0 = -61.5 J/0K mol (-14.7 e.u.). Comparison of these values to the values for the heme proteins enables one to explain the differences in equiliberium constants in terms of differences in the polarity of the heme environments. The results are consistent with the concept that the oxygen affinity of heme complexes increases with the polarity of the heme environment. The data also suggest that an increase in the polarity of the heme environment should result in a corresponding increase in the susceptibility of ferrous heme dioxygen complexes toward oxidation by the dioxygen.