Intravenous chemoreduction or intra-arterial chemotherapy for cavitary retinoblastoma: long-term results.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the long-term results of chemotherapy for cavitary retinoblastoma.

METHODS

Retrospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series of 26 cavitary retinoblastomas in 25 eyes of 24 patients. Retinoblastomas were treated with intravenous chemoreduction and/or intra-arterial chemotherapy. Main outcome measures included tumor control, globe salvage, and metastasis.

RESULTS

Of 24 patients with cavitary retinoblastoma, the mean age at diagnosis was 16 months. The mean number of cavitary tumors per eye was 1 (median, 1; range, 1-2), with a mean tumor basal diameter of 13 (median, 13; range, 7-24) mm and mean tumor thickness of 7 (median, 6; range, 3-17) mm. The mean number of cavities per tumor was 2 (median, 2; range, 1-5), with a mean cavity diameter of 3 (median, 2; range, 1-10) mm. Related features included vitreous seeds in 7 tumors (27%), subretinal seeds in 6 (23%), and subretinal fluid in 13 (50%). Intravenous chemoreduction was used in 23 tumors (88%); intra-arterial chemotherapy, in 2 (8%); and both, in 1 (4%). After treatment, the mean reduction in tumor base was 22% and mean reduction in tumor thickness was 29%. Despite minimal reduction, tumor recurrence was noted in only 1 eye (4%), globe salvage was achieved in 22 (88%), and there were no cases of metastasis or death during 49 (range, 6-189) months of follow-up.

CONCLUSION

Despite minimal visible tumor response to chemotherapy, cavitary retinoblastoma displays relatively stable long-term results.