Sant'Ana G C, Ferreira J L, Rocha H S, Borém A, Pasqual M, Cançado G M A
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2012 May 21;11(2):1507-25. doi: 10.4238/2012.May.21.8.
Identification and knowledge concerning genetic diversity are fundamental for efficient management and use of grapevine germplasm. Recently, new types of molecular markers have been developed, such as retrotransposon-based markers. Because of their multilocus pattern, retrotransposon-based markers might be able to differentiate grapevine accessions with just one pair of primers. In order to evaluate the efficiency of this type of marker, we compared retrotransposon marker Tvv1 with seven microsatellite markers frequently used for genotyping of the genus Vitis (VVMD7, VVMD25, VVMD5, VVMD27, VVMD31, VVS2, and VZAG62). The reference population that we used consisted of 26 accessions of Vitis, including seven European varieties of Vitis vinifera, four North American varieties and hybrids of Vitis labrusca, and 15 rootstock hybrids obtained from crosses of several Vitis species. Individually, the Tvv1 and the group of seven SSR markers were capable of distinguishing all accessions except 'White Niagara' compared to 'Red Niagara'. Using the Structure software, the retrotransposon marker Tvv1 generated two clusters: one with V. vinifera plus North American varieties and the other comprising rootstocks. The seven SSR markers generated five clusters: V. vinifera, the North American varieties, and three groups of rootstock hybrids. The percentages of variation explained by the first two components in the principal coordinate analysis were 65.21 (Tvv1) and 50.42 (SSR markers) while the Mantel correlation between the distance matrixes generated by the two types of markers was 42.5%. We conclude that the Tvv1 marker is useful for DNA fingerprinting, but it lacks efficiency for discrimination of structured groups.
对葡萄种质资源进行有效管理和利用，识别并了解其遗传多样性至关重要。近年来，已开发出新型分子标记，如基于反转录转座子的标记。基于反转录转座子的标记具有多位点模式，可能仅用一对引物就能区分葡萄品种。为评估此类标记的有效性，我们将反转录转座子标记Tvv1与常用于葡萄属基因分型的七个微卫星标记（VVMD7、VVMD25、VVMD5、VVMD27、VVMD31、VVS2和VZAG62）进行了比较。我们使用的参考群体由26个葡萄品种组成，包括7个欧洲酿酒葡萄品种、4个北美葡萄品种以及美洲葡萄与其他品种的杂交种，还有15个由多个葡萄品种杂交获得的砧木杂交种。单独来看，与“红尼亚加拉”相比，Tvv1和七个SSR标记组能够区分除“白尼亚加拉”之外的所有品种。使用Structure软件，反转录转座子标记Tvv1产生了两个聚类：一个包含酿酒葡萄和北美品种，另一个包含砧木。七个SSR标记产生了五个聚类：酿酒葡萄、北美品种以及三组砧木杂交种。在主坐标分析中，前两个成分解释的变异百分比分别为65.21（Tvv1）和50.42（SSR标记），而两种标记产生的距离矩阵之间的Mantel相关性为42.5%。我们得出结论，Tvv1标记可用于DNA指纹识别，但在区分结构化群体方面效率较低。
