Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2012;108:447-60. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-398397-8.00017-4.
A growing body of evidence indicates that genotype-by-physical activity interactions on various health-related outcomes do exist. Observational studies have shown that relationships between DNA sequence variants and risk factors are significantly different between sedentary and physically active individuals, while exercise intervention studies have demonstrated that genetic variation contributes significantly to interindividual variation in responsiveness to exercise training. The knowledge base on gene-activity interactions will grow considerably within a few years when large observational genome-wide association study (GWAS) consortia will report their findings. Progress with exercise intervention studies will be slower because of resource requirements. However, such studies are desperately needed to fully understand the genetics as well as the exercise biology of complex traits and to confirm the gene-exercise interactions derived from observational studies. Furthermore, development of personalized exercise medicine applications will be difficult or even impossible without a proper understanding of gene-exercise interactions.
越来越多的证据表明，基因型与体力活动对各种健康相关结果的相互作用确实存在。观察性研究表明，DNA 序列变异与危险因素之间的关系在久坐不动和积极运动的个体之间有显著差异，而运动干预研究表明，遗传变异对运动训练反应的个体间差异有重要贡献。当大型观察性全基因组关联研究（GWAS）联盟报告他们的发现时，关于基因-活动相互作用的知识库将在几年内大大增加。由于资源需求，运动干预研究的进展会较慢。然而，这些研究是非常必要的，以充分了解复杂性状的遗传学和运动生物学，并确认从观察性研究中得出的基因-运动相互作用。此外，如果没有对基因-运动相互作用的适当理解，个性化运动医学应用的发展将是困难的，甚至是不可能的。
