Leońska-Duniec Agata, Jastrzębski Zbigniew, Jażdżewska Aleksandra, Moska Waldemar, Lulińska-Kuklik Ewelina, Sawczuk Marek, Gubaydullina Svetlana I, Shakirova Alsu T, Cięszczyk Pawel, Maszczyk Adam, Ahmetov Ildus I
Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Sport Technology Research Centre, Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russia.
J Sports Sci Med. 2018 Mar 1;17(1):134-144. eCollection 2018 Mar.
The effectiveness of physical exercise on fat loss and improvement of aerobic capacity varies considerably between individuals. A strong linkage exists between common allelic variants of the adrenergic receptor genes and weight gain, as well as changes in body composition. Therefore we aimed to check if body composition and metabolic variables were modulated by the (Gly16Arg and Glu27Gln), (Trp64Arg) and (rs553668 G/A) gene polymorphisms in 163 Polish sedentary women (age 19-24; body mass index (BMI) 21.7 ± 0.2 kg·m) involved in a 12-week aerobic training program. Only 74.8% of participants lost fat mass. On average, participants lost 5.8 (10.4)% of their relative fat mass with training (range: +28.3 to -63.6%). The improvement of VO was significantly greater in women who could lose their fat mass compared to women who were unsuccessful in fat loss (4.5 (5.6)% vs. 1.5 (3.8)%; p = 0.0045). The carriers of a low number (0-3) of obesity-related risk alleles ( Gly16, Glu27, rs553668 G) were more successful in fat mass loss compared to the carriers of a high number (5-6) of risk alleles (7.7 (9.8) vs 4.0 (9.4)%, p = 0.0362). The presented results support the assumption that variation within adrenergic receptor genes contributes to interindividual changes of body composition in response to physical exercise.
体育锻炼对减脂和提高有氧能力的效果在个体之间存在很大差异。肾上腺素能受体基因的常见等位基因变异与体重增加以及身体成分变化之间存在紧密联系。因此，我们旨在检查163名参与为期12周有氧训练计划的波兰久坐不动女性（年龄19 - 24岁；体重指数（BMI）21.7±0.2 kg·m²）中，身体成分和代谢变量是否受到肾上腺素能β₁受体基因（Gly16Arg和Glu27Gln）、β₂受体基因（Trp64Arg）和β₃受体基因（rs553668 G/A）多态性的调节。只有74.8%的参与者减少了脂肪量。平均而言，参与者通过训练减少了5.8（10.4）%的相对脂肪量（范围：+28.3%至 - 63.6%）。与减脂未成功的女性相比，能够减少脂肪量的女性的VO₂改善显著更大（4.5（5.6）%对1.5（3.8）%；p = 0.0045）。肥胖相关风险等位基因（β₁ Gly16、β₁ Glu27、β₃ rs553668 G）数量较少（0 - 3个）的携带者在减少脂肪量方面比风险等位基因数量较多（5 - 6个）的携带者更成功（7.7（9.8）%对4.0（9.4）%，p = 0.0362）。呈现的结果支持这样的假设，即肾上腺素能受体基因内的变异导致了身体成分在体育锻炼反应中的个体间变化。
