Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Oct;41(10):1248-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2012.05.004. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
Congenital fusion of the mandible to the maxilla (syngnathia) is a rare disorder. The first case was reported in 1936 and only a few cases have been reported in the literature since then. This paper reports three new cases of syngnathia. Clinical and radiographic features are presented, as well as surgical management and complications.
先天性下颌骨与上颌骨融合（并颌）是一种罕见的疾病。首例病例于 1936 年报道，此后文献中仅报道了少数几例。本文报告了 3 例新的并颌病例。介绍了其临床和影像学特征以及手术治疗和并发症。
