Walsh A
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, Boise State University, Idaho 83725.
J Genet Psychol. 1990 Sep;151(3):279-85. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1990.9914617.
This study explored the relationship between illegitimate birth and cognitive development among 513 boys on probation. Prior research has shown that being part of a single-parent household leads to diminished verbal capacities and often puts a child in greater danger of abuse and neglect. Frequent abuse is thought to lead to the enhancement of visual and spatial skills relative to verbal skills through a process of "frozen watchfulness". I hypothesized that illegitimate boys from one-parent homes would have greater verbal-performance discrepancy scores than would boys from other combinations of birth status and family structure. These boys had the lowest verbal IQ and highest performance IQ scores and, hence, the largest discrepancy. These boys also suffered the highest degree of abuse and neglect of all four birth status/family structure combinations studied.
本研究探讨了513名缓刑男孩的非婚生状况与认知发展之间的关系。先前的研究表明，单亲家庭环境会导致语言能力下降，并常常使孩子面临更大的受虐待和被忽视风险。人们认为，频繁遭受虐待会通过“警惕性停滞”过程，导致视觉和空间技能相对于语言技能得到增强。我推测，来自单亲家庭的非婚生男孩，其语言能力与表现能力的差异得分会高于来自其他出生状况和家庭结构组合的男孩。这些男孩的语言智商得分最低，表现智商得分最高，因此差异最大。在研究的所有四种出生状况/家庭结构组合中，这些男孩遭受的虐待和忽视程度也最高。
