Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Forensic Medicine, Umeå University, POB 7616, SE-907 12 Umeå, Sweden.
Accid Anal Prev. 2012 Sep;48:397-400. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.02.012. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
The purpose of this study was to investigate if teenagers visiting an emergency room because of injury have an increased risk of premature death ahead and, if so, identify possible risk factors and suggest preventive measures.
In January 2010, the personal identity numbers of 12,812 teenagers who had visited the emergency room at the University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden, during 1993 through 2006 because of injury were checked against the National Cause of Death Register in Sweden. Standardised mortality ratio and confidence intervals were calculated. For the unnatural deaths that took place in Sweden, the police report, autopsy protocol, and hospital records, if present, were studied.
Thirty-eight fatalities were included giving a standardised mortality ratio of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.02-1.98). A majority of the decedents were males (n=32, 84%) and the median age at the time of death was 21 years. Twenty-three deaths were caused by unintentional injuries and ten by intentional injuries (all suicides), while five deaths were categorised as undetermined whether intentional or not. Seventy-four percent tested positive for either alcohol or drugs or a combination at the post mortem examination. Nine males and one female committed suicide, five tested positive for alcohol (one also for drugs), while four tested negative at the post mortem examination. One died abroad and in this case we lack information on alcohol and drugs.
Teenagers visiting an emergency room due to injury experience an increased risk of premature death by unnatural cause and those at risk are especially males. The use of alcohol and drugs often seems to contribute to their untimely deaths. Identifying those at risk when they visit the emergency room for an injury and to take preventive actions at this stage could be a way to reduce the number of fatalities.
本研究旨在探讨因伤就诊于急诊室的青少年是否存在过早死亡的风险增加，如果是，确定可能的风险因素并提出预防措施。
2010 年 1 月，对因伤于 1993 年至 2006 年期间在瑞典于默奥大学医院就诊的 12812 名青少年的个人身份号码进行了检查，以与瑞典国家死因登记处进行核对。计算了标准化死亡率和置信区间。对于在瑞典发生的非自然死亡，研究了警察报告、尸检协议和医院记录（如有）。
共纳入 38 例死亡病例，标准化死亡率为 1.44（95%CI：1.02-1.98）。死亡者大多数为男性（n=32，84%），死亡时的中位年龄为 21 岁。23 例死亡是由非故意伤害引起的，10 例是由故意伤害引起的（均为自杀），5 例死亡原因无法确定是故意伤害还是非故意伤害。74%的死亡者在尸检时检测出酒精或药物或两者的混合物呈阳性。9 名男性和 1 名女性自杀，5 名男性检测出酒精阳性（1 名同时检测出药物阳性），4 名男性检测出酒精阴性。1 人在国外死亡，在这种情况下，我们缺乏有关酒精和药物的信息。
因伤就诊于急诊室的青少年因非自然原因过早死亡的风险增加，而风险较高的是男性。酒精和药物的使用似乎经常导致他们的过早死亡。在他们因伤就诊于急诊室时识别出这些风险，并在此阶段采取预防措施，可能是减少死亡人数的一种方法。
