Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sensors (Basel). 2012;12(4):4031-50. doi: 10.3390/s120404031. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) systems are crucial in industry to ensure safe and reliable operation, especially of motor drives. This paper proposes the use of multiple controllers for a FTC system of an induction motor drive, selected based on a switching mechanism. The system switches between sensor vector control, sensorless vector control, closed-loop voltage by frequency (V/f) control and open loop V/f control. Vector control offers high performance, while V/f is a simple, low cost strategy with high speed and satisfactory performance. The faults dealt with are speed sensor failures, stator winding open circuits, shorts and minimum voltage faults. In the event of compound faults, a protection unit halts motor operation. The faults are detected using a wavelet index. For the sensorless vector control, a novel Boosted Model Reference Adaptive System (BMRAS) to estimate the motor speed is presented, which reduces tuning time. Both simulation results and experimental results with an induction motor drive show the scheme to be a fast and effective one for fault detection, while the control methods transition smoothly and ensure the effectiveness of the FTC system. The system is also shown to be flexible, reverting rapidly back to the dominant controller if the motor returns to a healthy state.
容错控制（FTC）系统对于确保电机驱动等工业设备的安全可靠运行至关重要。本文提出了一种基于切换机制的感应电机驱动 FTC 系统中使用多个控制器的方法。该系统在传感器矢量控制、无传感器矢量控制、闭环电压频率（V/f）控制和开环 V/f 控制之间进行切换。矢量控制提供高性能，而 V/f 则是一种简单、低成本的策略，具有高速和满意的性能。处理的故障包括速度传感器故障、定子绕组开路、短路和最小电压故障。在发生复合故障时，保护单元会停止电机运行。使用小波指标检测故障。对于无传感器矢量控制，提出了一种新的 Boosted 模型参考自适应系统（BMRAS）来估计电机速度，从而减少了调谐时间。感应电机驱动的仿真结果和实验结果均表明，该方案可快速有效地进行故障检测，同时控制方法平稳过渡，确保 FTC 系统的有效性。该系统还具有灵活性，如果电机恢复健康状态，系统可以迅速切换回主导控制器。
