Wang Dan, Jiang Yajie, Liang Yan, Zhao Lin, Cai Shaoqing, Shang Mingying, Yuan Pengfei, Zhao Yuying, Wang Xuan
Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2012 Feb;37(4):426-33.
To compare the chemical differences in 4 commercial specifications of Scutellaria Radix, research the affection of decayed central xylem part on the crude drug's chemical composition and provide scientific data for production, processing, sale and clinical applications of Scutellariae Radix.
Macroscopical identification method was used for observation of different specifications of Scutellariae Radix, including Qinwang, Tiaoqin both in 1st class and 2nd class and inferior samples. HPLC fingerprint method was used to analyze chemically the decayed central xylem part and non-decayed part as well as complete sample, and the results were described by the relative peak area.
The morphological characteristics of 4 specifications are greatly different from one another mainly in root diameters, root lengths and the proportions of decayed central xylem part in the root, and so the authors classified Qinwang and Tiaoqin in 1st class as Kuqin for all samples of them which have decayed central xylem; and classified Tiaoqin in 2nd class and the inferior samples as Ziqin, for having little decayed central xylem. The 4 specifications collected from the same producing area have similar HPLC fingerprint profile to one another, while they are different in relative peak area. The peak area ratios of aglycone to their glucuronide (baicalein/baicalin, wogonin/wogonoside, oroxylin A/oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide) from Kuqin were significantly higher than those of Ziqin. The total area of the peaks in HPLC fingerprint chromatographs of decayed central xylem part were quite lower than that of non-decayed part, whereas peak areas of the characteristic peaks and the 3 peak area ratios of decayed central xylem were significantly higher than those of non-decayed part which could be used as characteristic parameters to distinguish Kuqin and Ziqin.
Four commercial specifications of Scutellariae Radix can be classified as Kuqin and Ziqin respectively according to morphological characteristics and the proportions of decayed central xylem part in the root. The chemical characteristics of Kuqin and Ziqin are different from each other, so it's worth clarifying the similarities and differences of Kuqin and Ziqin in future. The result in this research can be used as references for identification and quality control of Scutellariae Radix specifications, and investigation on effective components of Kuqin and Ziqin.
比较4种商品规格黄芩的化学差异，研究中央木质部腐朽部分对药材化学成分的影响，为黄芩的生产、加工、销售及临床应用提供科学依据。
采用宏观鉴定法观察不同规格黄芩，包括一级和二级的秦艽、条芩及次品。采用高效液相色谱指纹图谱法对中央木质部腐朽部分、未腐朽部分及完整样品进行化学分析，结果以相对峰面积表示。
4种规格黄芩的形态特征差异较大，主要体现在根直径、根长度及根中中央木质部腐朽部分所占比例上，因此将一级秦艽和条芩中所有中央木质部腐朽的样品归为枯芩；将二级条芩及次品归为子芩，因其中央木质部腐朽较少。同一产地采集的4种规格黄芩高效液相色谱指纹图谱相似，但相对峰面积不同。枯芩中苷元与其葡萄糖醛酸苷（黄芩素/黄芩苷、汉黄芩素/汉黄芩苷、木犀草素/木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷）的峰面积比显著高于子芩。中央木质部腐朽部分高效液相色谱指纹图谱的峰总面积明显低于未腐朽部分，而腐朽中央木质部特征峰的峰面积及上述3个峰面积比均显著高于未腐朽部分，可作为区分枯芩和子芩的特征参数。
4种商品规格黄芩可根据形态特征及根中中央木质部腐朽部分所占比例分别归为枯芩和子芩。枯芩和子芩的化学特征不同，今后有必要进一步明确二者的异同。本研究结果可为黄芩规格的鉴别及质量控制、枯芩和子芩有效成分的研究提供参考。
