Marshall Catherine, Lengyel Christina, Utioh Alphonsus
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB.
Can J Diet Pract Res. 2012 Summer;73(2):e241-e247. doi: 10.3148/73.2.2012.e241.
With the growing pervasiveness of mass media, individuals of all ages and both sexes are bombarded with images that glorify youthfulness, messages that tie self-worth to thinness, and products that promise youth and beauty forever. Aging women are vulnerable to these societal messages and experience strong pressures to maintain their youth and thinness. As the physiological changes that accompany normal aging move these women farther from the "ideal" image, body dissatisfaction may increase. These women are confronted with the impossible task of trying to defy the natural process of aging through a variety of means, including fashion, cosmetics, selective surgeries, and personal food choices. The resulting body image issues, weight preoccupation, and eating disturbances can lead to voluntary food restriction, depression, social withdrawal, lower self-esteem, and disordered eating, all of which can have a negative impact on quality of life and nutritional status. In this review we explore existing research on body dissatisfaction among middle-aged (30 to 60) and older (over 60) women, discuss the prevalence of body dissatisfaction, its predisposing risk factors, and the resulting eating and body maintenance behaviours, and examine implications for dietetic practice.
随着大众媒体的日益普及,各个年龄段和性别的人都受到美化年轻的图像、将自我价值与瘦联系起来的信息以及承诺永葆青春和美丽的产品的轰炸。年长女性容易受到这些社会信息的影响,并面临着保持年轻和苗条的巨大压力。随着正常衰老过程中伴随的生理变化使这些女性远离“理想”形象,她们对身体的不满可能会增加。这些女性面临着一项不可能完成的任务,即试图通过各种方式,包括时尚、化妆品、选择性手术和个人饮食选择,来对抗自然衰老过程。由此产生的身体形象问题、对体重的过度关注和饮食紊乱可能导致自愿节食、抑郁、社交退缩、自尊心降低和饮食失调,所有这些都会对生活质量和营养状况产生负面影响。在这篇综述中,我们探讨了关于中年(30至60岁)和老年(60岁以上)女性身体不满的现有研究,讨论了身体不满的患病率、其诱发风险因素以及由此产生的饮食和身体保养行为,并研究了对饮食实践的影响。