表面改性商用纯钛和钛合金种植体在犬模型中的牙冠重塑和骨整合。

Crestal remodelling and osseointegration at surface-modified commercially pure titanium and titanium alloy implants in a canine model.

机构信息

Laboratory for Applied Periodontal and Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, Georgia Health Sciences University College of Dental Medicine, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

出版信息

J Clin Periodontol. 2012 Aug;39(8):781-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01905.x. Epub 2012 Jun 7.

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01905.x

PMID:22671935

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ti-6Al-7Nb alloys exhibit enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and may represent an improvement to present commercially pure (CP) titanium oral implant technology.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate crestal remodelling and osseointegration at CP titanium compared with Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy oral implants using a canine model.

METHODS

Two threaded anodized CP titanium and two Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy anodized oral implants (ø4.5 × 6.1 mm) were placed into each jaw quadrant in the edentulated posterior mandible in six adult male Hound Labrador mongrel dogs. Abutments were placed onto the implants, and the mucogingival flaps were adapted and sutured for transmucosal wound healing. Block biopsies were collected for histometric analysis following an 8-week healing interval.

RESULTS

Healing was uneventful. Bone density outside and within the root of the threads averaged (± SE) 49.0 ± 4.5% and 38.7 ± 5.1% for CP titanium implants and 43.2 ± 3.6% and 34.2 ± 4.8% for Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants. Mean osseointegration reached 68.0 ± 4.4% and 62.8 ± 2.5% for CP titanium and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants, respectively. Although crestal resorption at lingual sites averaged 0.2 ± 0.1 mm for both technologies, crestal resorption at buccal sites averaged 0.9 ± 0.2 and 1.0 ± 0.6 mm for CP titanium and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between implant technologies for any parameter assessed. Notably, advanced/advancing buccal crestal resorption exposing the implant threads was observed in 50% of the implants (four of six animals) regardless of implant technology; osteoclastic resorption still observed at 8 weeks following implant placement.

CONCLUSION

Within the limitations of study, anodized Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants may represent a feasible alternative to benchmark anodized CP titanium implants. Remodelling of the buccal crestal plate resulting in advanced bone loss appears a major impediment to oral implant osseointegration and possibly, in extension, implant maintenance.

摘要

背景

Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金具有增强的机械性能和耐腐蚀性，可能代表了现有商业纯（CP）钛口腔种植体技术的改进。

目的

使用犬模型评估 CP 钛与 Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金口腔种植体的牙冠重塑和骨整合情况。

方法

在 6 只成年雄性猎犬杂种犬的无牙后下颌骨每个颌骨象限中分别植入两个螺纹阳极氧化 CP 钛和两个 Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金阳极氧化口腔种植体（ø4.5×6.1mm）。将基台放置在种植体上，适应并缝合黏膜牙龈瓣进行黏膜下伤口愈合。在 8 周愈合间隔后采集组织学分析的块状活检。

结果

愈合过程顺利。螺纹外和根内的骨密度平均（±SE）为 CP 钛种植体为 49.0±4.5%和 38.7±5.1%，Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金种植体为 43.2±3.6%和 34.2±4.8%。CP 钛和 Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金种植体的平均骨整合率分别达到 68.0±4.4%和 62.8±2.5%。尽管两种技术的舌侧位点牙冠吸收平均为 0.2±0.1mm，但 CP 钛种植体和 Ti-6Al-7Nb 合金种植体的颊侧位点牙冠吸收平均为 0.9±0.2mm 和 1.0±0.6mm。评估的任何参数在种植体技术之间均无统计学差异。值得注意的是，无论种植体技术如何，50%（6 只动物中的 4 只）的种植体均观察到进展性/进展性颊侧牙冠吸收暴露种植体螺纹；植入后 8 周仍观察到破骨细胞吸收。