Roberts S L, White B S
Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 1990 Jul-Sep;5(3):84-94.
The MI patient can experience powerlessness through loss of personal control. The feeling of powerlessness can limit the patient's ability to understand the diagnosis of MI, care or decisions necessary to restore health. The MI patient can react by experiencing a sense of physiological, cognitive, environmental and decisional loss of control. Regardless of the specific component of the powerless model, the coronary care nurse diagnoses powerlessness according to defining characteristics. Nursing interventions are organized to facilitate physiological, cognitive, environmental and decisional powerfulness. Research is needed to clarify the MI patient's perception of control or lack of control within each component of the presented model, and to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions created to foster personal control or uncontrol. Research will enable the nurse to scientifically determine strategies and outcomes that correlate with the patient's need for control in the illness situation.
心肌梗死（MI）患者可能会因失去个人掌控感而感到无助。这种无助感会限制患者理解心肌梗死诊断、护理或恢复健康所需决策的能力。心肌梗死患者可能会通过体验生理、认知、环境和决策方面的失控感来做出反应。无论无助模型的具体组成部分如何，冠心病护理护士都会根据明确的特征来诊断无助感。组织护理干预措施以促进生理、认知、环境和决策方面的掌控感。需要开展研究来阐明心肌梗死患者在所呈现模型的每个组成部分中对掌控或缺乏掌控的认知，并评估为促进个人掌控或非掌控而制定的护理干预措施的有效性。研究将使护士能够科学地确定与患者在患病情况下对掌控的需求相关的策略和结果。
