Department of Health Education and Recreation, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
Stress Health. 2013 Apr;29(2):99-107. doi: 10.1002/smi.2431. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
The effects of Kouk Sun Do (KSD), a mind-body exercise on mental health in university students, were investigated in this pilot study. University students (N = 30) with self-reported anxiety symptoms were randomly assigned to either the treatment group or the waiting list control group. Eighteen participants (N = 18; seven in the treatment group and 11 in the waiting list control group) completed a pre-test and a post-test, and 12 participants dropped out before or during the intervention. Ten 70-min KSD exercise sessions were conducted three times per week over a 4-week period. Trait anxiety, depressive symptoms and general self-efficacy in coping with stress were measured with the pre-test and the post-test. Qualitative data were collected using open-ended questions regarding benefits of KSD at the last session. A two (group) by two (time) repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to analyse the data. Trait anxiety and depressive symptoms decreased whereas general self-efficacy increased over a 4-week period. The treatment group had significantly reduced trait anxiety and depressive symptoms compared with the control group across time. Qualitative data provided support that the self-induced relaxation effects of KSD may lead to reduced anxiety.
本研究旨在探讨气功（KSD）这种身心锻炼方式对大学生心理健康的影响。研究采用随机对照试验设计，纳入了 30 名有焦虑症状自评的大学生，将其随机分为治疗组和等待名单对照组。18 名参与者（N=18；治疗组 7 人，等待名单对照组 11 人）完成了前测和后测，12 名参与者在干预前或干预期间退出。在 4 周内，每周进行 3 次、每次 70 分钟的 KSD 练习。采用特质焦虑量表、抑郁症状自评量表和一般应对效能感量表测量前测和后测的结果。在最后一次治疗结束时，采用开放式问题收集有关 KSD 益处的定性数据。采用双因素（组间、组内）重复测量方差分析对数据进行分析。结果显示，4 周后，参与者的特质焦虑和抑郁症状显著降低，一般应对效能感显著升高。与对照组相比，治疗组的特质焦虑和抑郁症状在整个研究期间显著降低。定性数据支持了 KSD 的自我诱导放松作用可能导致焦虑减轻的观点。
