Bolmsjö Ingrid, Edberg Anna-Karin, Andersson Petra Lilja
Associate Professor, Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, SwedenProfessor, The Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Lund University and Kristianstad University, Lund, SwedenSenior Lecturer, The Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2014 Sep;9(3):183-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2012.00333.x. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
One key aspect of person-centredness is striving to understand both the patients' experiences and behaviours from their perspective. These aspects are precisely those that staff in dementia care highlight as causing them most difficulty because the people in their care have major problems expressing themselves. There is thus a need to develop a method to help the staff to achieve interpretation through reflection.
The aim of this study was to explore the use of drama as a tool to support reflection among staff working in the residential care of people with dementia.
A qualitative evaluation of a programme consisting of three drama sessions with staff working in residential care (n = 10 nurse assistants).
Data comprised observations and tape recordings of the sessions, the researchers' reflections after each session and a focus-group interview with the participants. The texts were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
The analysis showed that: (i) the exercises stimulate reflection about daily caring practice; (ii) the participants must receive extensive information about the purpose of the sessions; (iii) the research team must secure the defined frames and conditions and have practical knowledge about caring for people with dementia and (iv) the management needs to be stable, committed and supportive.
Drama seems to be a valid tool to aid reflection, but several adjustments are needed concerning both the content of the sessions and the methodology. When designing a larger intervention study, it would be preferable to the sessions to be combined with staff support to effect changes in care provision resulting from their increased awareness of the residents' situation and experience.
Our results showed that drama can be a means to enhance reflection among staff in residential care for people with dementia. Further research is however needed concerning the effects for the staff's situation and nursing care quality.
以患者为中心的一个关键方面是努力从患者的角度理解他们的经历和行为。而这些方面恰恰是痴呆症护理人员强调的最让他们感到困难的地方，因为他们所护理的人在表达自己方面存在重大问题。因此，需要开发一种方法来帮助护理人员通过反思实现理解。
本研究的目的是探讨将戏剧作为一种工具，以支持在痴呆症患者寄宿护理机构工作的员工进行反思。
对一个由三次戏剧课程组成的项目进行定性评估，参与员工为寄宿护理机构的工作人员（10名护士助理）。
数据包括课程的观察记录和录音、研究人员在每次课程后的反思以及与参与者的焦点小组访谈。使用定性内容分析法对文本进行分析。
分析表明：（i）这些练习激发了对日常护理实践的反思；（ii）参与者必须获得关于课程目的的广泛信息；（iii）研究团队必须确保既定的框架和条件，并具备照顾痴呆症患者的实践知识；（iv）管理层需要稳定、坚定并给予支持。
戏剧似乎是辅助反思的有效工具，但在课程内容和方法上都需要进行一些调整。在设计一个更大规模的干预研究时，最好将这些课程与员工支持相结合，以促使护理工作因员工对居民情况和经历的认识提高而发生改变。
我们的结果表明，戏剧可以成为增强痴呆症患者寄宿护理机构员工反思的一种手段。然而，关于对员工状况和护理质量的影响，还需要进一步研究。
