Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, and Central Military Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. petr.urbanek @ uvn.cz
Kidney Blood Press Res. 2012;35(6):454-67. doi: 10.1159/000338309. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
Within the last few decades, the incidence and prevalence of both hepatitis B and C infections have decreased among kidney disease patients. Significant advances have been made in the prevention of hepatitis B and C virus transmission in these high-risk populations; however, the transmission risk is still not negligible. Viral hepatitis infections represent a significant problem among kidney disease patients; patients on regular dialysis, as well as renal transplant recipients (RTRs) due to their epidemiological, virological, and clinical features. Chronic hepatitis B and C have a strong impact on the clinical course of kidney disease as well as on the clinical course after kidney transplantation. The purpose of this review is to focus on the epidemiology, transmission modes, natural courses, and treatment options of hepatitis B and C infections in both chronic kidney disease patients and RTRs.
在过去几十年中，乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎感染的发病率和患病率在肾病患者中均有所下降。在这些高危人群中，乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒传播的预防已取得重大进展；然而，传播风险仍然不可忽视。病毒性肝炎感染是肾病患者的一个重大问题；由于其流行病学、病毒学和临床特征，经常接受透析的患者以及肾移植受者（RTR）都存在感染风险。慢性乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎对肾脏疾病的临床病程以及肾移植后的临床病程都有重大影响。本文旨在重点关注慢性肾脏病患者和 RTR 中乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎感染的流行病学、传播方式、自然病程和治疗选择。
