School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Korea.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Apr;97(7):2961-70. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4184-z. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
3,6-Anhydro-L-galactose (L-AHG) constitutes 50% of agarose, which is the main component of red macroalgae. No information is currently available on the mass production, metabolic fate, or physiological effects of L-AHG. Here, agarose was converted to L-AHG in the following three steps: pre-hydrolysis of agarose into agaro-oligosaccharides by using acetic acid, hydrolysis of the agaro-oligosaccharides into neoagarobiose by an exo-agarase, and hydrolysis of neoagarobiose into L-AHG and galactose by a neoagarobiose hydrolase. After these three steps, L-AHG was purified by adsorption and gel permeation chromatographies. The final product obtained was 95.6% pure L-AHG at a final yield of 4.0% based on the initial agarose. In a cell proliferation assay, L-AHG at a concentration of 100 or 200 μg/ mL did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity. In a skin whitening assay, 100 μg/ mL of L-AHG showed significantly lower melanin production compared to arbutin. L-AHG at 100 and 200 μg/ mL showed strong anti-inflammatory activity, indicating the significant suppression of nitrite production. This is the first report on the production of high-purity L-AHG and its physiological activities.
3,6-脱水-L-半乳糖（L-AHG）构成琼脂的 50%，而琼脂是红藻的主要成分。目前尚无关于 L-AHG 的大规模生产、代谢命运或生理效应的信息。在这里，通过以下三个步骤将琼脂转化为 L-AHG：首先用乙酸将琼脂水解成琼脂低聚糖，然后用外切琼脂酶将琼脂低聚糖水解成新琼二糖，最后用新琼二糖水解酶将新琼二糖水解成 L-AHG 和半乳糖。经过这三个步骤，通过吸附和凝胶渗透色谱法对 L-AHG 进行纯化。基于初始琼脂，最终产物是纯度为 95.6%、最终产率为 4.0%的 L-AHG。在细胞增殖试验中，浓度为 100 或 200μg/mL 的 L-AHG 没有表现出任何显著的细胞毒性。在皮肤美白试验中，与熊果苷相比，100μg/mL 的 L-AHG 显示出明显更低的黑色素生成。浓度为 100 和 200μg/mL 的 L-AHG 表现出强烈的抗炎活性，表明亚硝酸盐的产生得到了显著抑制。这是关于高纯度 L-AHG 的生产及其生理活性的首次报道。
