Department of Internal Medicine and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
Trends Immunol. 2012 Oct;33(10):505-12. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2012.05.004. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
T helper (Th) 17 cells represent a third effector arm of CD4 T cells and complement the function of the Th1 and Th2 cell lineages. Here, we provide an overview of the transcription factors, cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine and chemokine receptors that characterize the Th17 cell phenotype. Data relevant for human Th17 cells are emphasized, with a focus on the function of two markers that have recently been associated with human Th17 cells, CD161 and interleukin-4-induced gene 1 (IL4I1). Also considered is the basis of Th17 cell plasticity towards the Th1 lineage, and we suggest that this plasticity together with the limited expansion of Th17 cells in response to T cell receptor (TCR) triggering accounts for the rarity of human Th17 cells in inflamed tissues.
辅助性 T 细胞（Th）17 细胞代表了 CD4 T 细胞的第三效应分支，并补充了 Th1 和 Th2 细胞系的功能。在这里，我们提供了一个概述，介绍了转录因子、细胞因子、趋化因子以及细胞因子和趋化因子受体，这些都可以作为 Th17 细胞表型的特征。我们强调了与人类 Th17 细胞相关的数据，重点介绍了最近与人类 Th17 细胞相关的两个标记物的功能，即 CD161 和白细胞介素 4 诱导基因 1（IL4I1）。我们还考虑了 Th17 细胞向 Th1 谱系的可塑性基础，我们认为这种可塑性以及 TCR 触发对 Th17 细胞的有限扩增解释了为什么在炎症组织中很少有人类 Th17 细胞。
