Sotos Juan F, Tokar Naomi J
Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Int J Pediatr Endocrinol. 2012 Jun 8;2012(1):17. doi: 10.1186/1687-9856-2012-17.
The testicular volumes obtained with the clinical methods, calculated using the ellipsoid equation W2 x L x π/6, correlate with those obtained by ultrasound (US) and are useful clinically, but overestimate ultrasound values, mainly because of the inclusion of the scrotal skin and epididymis, have much variability, and may not be accurate or reproducible.The US measurement is somewhat inconvenient, because it requires another procedure and, mainly, is costly.It would be helpful to have a simple, low cost clinical method that approximates or closely matches the results obtained by ultrasound.Formulas, equivalent to the ellipsoid equations, were developed to calculate testicular volumes with corrections of the width (W), length (L), and height (H) of the testis obtained in the scrotum to avoid the inclusion of the scrotal skin and epididymis.
SUBJECTS & METHODS: The US observations in our hospital of the width, height, length, height/width, and length/width ratios and volumes of 110 testes from 55 children from 1 month to 17 ½ years of age were reviewed. Based on these observations and those reported by others, formulas to apply to the clinical measurements were developed to approximate the volumes obtained by ultrasound. The validity and accuracy of the formulas were determined. For the clinical application of the formulas, measurements of the width of the testis in the scrotum, with a centimeter ruler, were obtained in 187 study subjects in different stages of puberty and adults, for a total of 374 testicular determinations.
The widths obtained in the scrotum were corrected by subtracting the values of the double scrotal skin. The formulas were then applied and the testicular volumes determined. The testicular volumes were then compared to the ultrasound values reported in hundreds of subjects by four different groups and statistically analyzed. The volumes obtained by the formulas (means ± SD) closely matched the volumes obtained by ultrasound.
A simple clinical method, based on the width of the testis obtained in the scrotum with a centimeter ruler, which can determine testicular volumes closely matching those reported by ultrasound, is proposed.
采用椭圆体公式W²×L×π/6计算得出的临床方法所测睾丸体积，与超声（US）测量结果相关，且在临床上有用，但会高估超声值，主要原因是包含了阴囊皮肤和附睾，存在很大变异性，可能不准确或不可重复。超声测量有点不方便，因为它需要额外的操作，而且主要是成本高昂。拥有一种简单、低成本且能近似或紧密匹配超声测量结果的临床方法将会很有帮助。开发了与椭圆体公式等效的公式，通过对阴囊内所测睾丸的宽度（W）、长度（L）和高度（H）进行校正，以避免包含阴囊皮肤和附睾来计算睾丸体积。
回顾了我院对55名年龄从1个月至17.5岁儿童的110个睾丸进行的超声观察，包括宽度、高度、长度、高宽比和长宽比及体积。基于这些观察结果以及其他人报告的结果，开发了适用于临床测量的公式，以近似超声所测体积。确定了这些公式的有效性和准确性。为了将这些公式应用于临床，在187名处于青春期不同阶段的研究对象和成年人中，用厘米尺测量了阴囊内睾丸的宽度，共进行了374次睾丸测定。
通过减去阴囊皮肤厚度的两倍值对阴囊内所测宽度进行校正。然后应用公式并确定睾丸体积。接着将所测睾丸体积与四个不同组数百名受试者报告的超声值进行比较并进行统计学分析。公式所测体积（均值±标准差）与超声所测体积紧密匹配。
提出一种简单的临床方法，基于用厘米尺测量阴囊内睾丸宽度，该方法可确定与超声报告结果紧密匹配的睾丸体积。
