The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
Cells. 2020 Jul 11;9(7):1674. doi: 10.3390/cells9071674.
Solar ultraviolet (SUV) exposure is a major risk factor in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). People commonly use sunscreens to prevent SUV-induced skin damage and cancer. Nonetheless, the prevalence of cSCC continues to increase every year, suggesting that commercially available sunscreens might not be used appropriately or are not completely effective. In the current study, a solar simulated light (SSL)-induced cSCC mouse model was used to investigate the efficacy of eight commonly used FDA-approved sunscreen components against skin carcinogenesis. First, we tested FDA-approved sunscreen components for their ability to block UVA or UVB irradiation by using VITRO-SKIN (a model that mimics human skin properties), and then the efficacy of FDA-approved sunscreen components was investigated in an SSL-induced cSCC mouse model. Our results identified which FDA-approved sunscreen components or combinations are effective in preventing cSCC development. Not surprisingly, the results indicated that sunscreen combinations that block both UVA and UVB significantly suppressed the formation of cutaneous papillomas and cSCC development and decreased the activation of oncoproteins and the expression of COX-2, keratin 17, and EGFR in SSL-exposed SKH-1 (Crl:SKH1-) hairless mouse skin. Notably, several sunscreen components that were individually purported to block both UVA and UVB were ineffective alone. At least one component had toxic effects that led to a high mortality rate in mice exposed to SSL. Our findings provide new insights into the development of the best sunscreen to prevent chronic SUV-induced cSCC development.
阳光中的紫外线（SUV）暴露是皮肤鳞状细胞癌（cSCC）发病的主要危险因素。人们通常使用防晒霜来预防 SUV 引起的皮肤损伤和癌症。然而，每年 cSCC 的患病率仍在持续上升，这表明市售防晒霜可能使用不当或不完全有效。在目前的研究中，使用模拟阳光的光（SSL）诱导的 cSCC 小鼠模型来研究八种常用的 FDA 批准的防晒霜成分对皮肤致癌作用的功效。首先，我们使用 VITRO-SKIN（一种模拟人体皮肤特性的模型）测试了 FDA 批准的防晒霜成分阻断 UVA 或 UVB 辐射的能力，然后在 SSL 诱导的 cSCC 小鼠模型中研究了 FDA 批准的防晒霜成分的功效。我们的结果确定了哪些 FDA 批准的防晒霜成分或组合可有效预防 cSCC 的发生。不出所料，结果表明，同时阻断 UVA 和 UVB 的防晒霜组合可显著抑制皮肤乳头瘤和 cSCC 的形成，并降低 SSL 暴露的 SKH-1（Crl：SKH1-）无毛小鼠皮肤中癌蛋白的激活和 COX-2、角蛋白 17 和 EGFR 的表达。值得注意的是，几种据称单独阻断 UVA 和 UVB 的防晒霜成分单独使用时效果不佳。至少有一种成分具有毒性作用，导致暴露于 SSL 的小鼠死亡率很高。我们的发现为开发预防慢性 SUV 诱导的 cSCC 发展的最佳防晒霜提供了新的见解。
