The Genome Insititute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Transl Res. 2012 Oct;160(4):283-90. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.03.006. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
The human virome is the collection of all viruses that are found in or on humans, including both eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses. Eukaryotic viruses clearly have important effects on human health, ranging from mild, self-limited acute or chronic infections to those with serious or fatal consequences. Prokaryotic viruses can also influence human health by affecting bacterial community structure and function. Therefore, definition of the virome is an important step toward understanding how microbes affect human health and disease. We review progress in virome analysis, which has been driven by advances in high-throughput, deep sequencing technology. Highlights from these studies include the association of viruses with clinical phenotypes and description of novel viruses that may be important pathogens. Together these studies indicate that analysis of the human virome is critical as we aim to understand how microbial communities influence human health and disease. Descriptions of the human virome will stimulate future work to understand how the virome affects long-term human health, immunity, and response to coinfections. Analysis of the virome ultimately may affect the treatment of patients with a variety of clinical syndromes.
人类病毒组是指在人类体内或体表发现的所有病毒的集合，包括真核病毒和原核病毒。真核病毒显然对人类健康有重要影响，从轻度、自限性的急性或慢性感染到严重或致命的后果不等。原核病毒也可以通过影响细菌群落的结构和功能来影响人类健康。因此，定义病毒组是理解微生物如何影响人类健康和疾病的重要步骤。我们回顾了病毒组分析的进展，这得益于高通量、深度测序技术的进步。这些研究的亮点包括病毒与临床表型的关联以及描述可能是重要病原体的新型病毒。这些研究表明，随着我们努力了解微生物群落如何影响人类健康和疾病，分析人类病毒组至关重要。对人类病毒组的描述将激发未来的工作，以了解病毒组如何影响人类的长期健康、免疫和对混合感染的反应。对病毒组的分析最终可能会影响各种临床综合征患者的治疗效果。
