Postgraduation Program in Clinical Nutrition: Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes and Obesity, Cardiology Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Obes Surg. 2012 Nov;22(11):1676-85. doi: 10.1007/s11695-012-0696-y.
Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for obesity class II and III. However, postoperative side effects may occur, such as nutritional deficiencies resulting from reduced gastric capacity and alterations in nutrient absorption along the gastrointestinal tract.
A total of 170 patients (136 women and 34 men) submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) between 2000 and 2005 were retrospectively assessed. Anthropometric and laboratory data were evaluated and the use of vitamin and mineral supplements, before and 1, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months following surgery, was assessed, as well.
Mean excess weight loss at 24 and 36 months was 81.5 ± 19.2 and 78.5 ± 20.8 %, respectively. Anemia was present in 6.5 % of subjects prior to the surgery and increased to 33.5 % at 36 months. The levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycemia were reduced, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased. Albumin and vitamin B12 levels showed no significant differences at the end of the study compared to the preoperative evaluation. Folic acid levels increased significantly during the follow-up. Almost 6 % of the patients had used standard vitamin and mineral supplements in the preoperative period and 72.4, 85.3, 74.7, 77.1, and 72.4 % at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months following RYGB, respectively.
Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for long-term weight loss. However, nutritional deficiency is one of its side effects and should be properly diagnosed and handled, aimed at improving the patient's quality of life and preventing severe complications.
减重手术被认为是治疗 II 型和 III 型肥胖症最有效的方法。然而，术后可能会出现副作用，例如由于胃容量减少和胃肠道吸收营养物质的改变而导致的营养缺乏。
回顾性评估了 2000 年至 2005 年间接受 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术（RYGB）的 170 名患者（136 名女性和 34 名男性）。评估了人体测量和实验室数据，并评估了手术前后（1、6、12、24 和 36 个月）使用维生素和矿物质补充剂的情况。
24 个月和 36 个月时的平均超重减轻量分别为 81.5 ± 19.2%和 78.5 ± 20.8%。术前有 6.5%的患者存在贫血，术后 36 个月时增加到 33.5%。总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和血糖水平降低，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高。白蛋白和维生素 B12 水平在研究结束时与术前评估相比无显著差异。叶酸水平在随访期间显著增加。大约 6%的患者在术前使用了标准的维生素和矿物质补充剂，而在 RYGB 术后 1、6、12、24 和 36 个月时，分别有 72.4%、85.3%、74.7%、77.1%和 72.4%的患者使用。
减重手术是长期减肥的有效治疗方法。然而，营养缺乏是其副作用之一，应正确诊断和处理，旨在提高患者的生活质量并预防严重并发症。
