Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Trop Med Int Health. 2012 Aug;17(8):978-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03019.x. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
In 1998, the Blood Donation Law was enacted in China in response to the outbreak of HIV endemic in central rural China as a result of unhygienic and commercial blood collection. This study aims to provide a first comprehensive review of available data on the prevalence, trend and other epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection among voluntary blood donors since 1998.
Major English and Chinese databases were searched and a systematic review was constructed. Pooled infection rates by province and year were calculated using random-effect or fixed-effect models.
A total of 87 studies met our inclusion criteria. A total of 2573 HIV-positive cases were identified among voluntary blood donors in the past 10 years; the pooled prevalence was 13.22/100,000, with a range of 0.74-125.97 per 100,000. Among the 24 provinces that reported yearly data, the prevalence of HIV increased from 5.62/100,000 to 28.90/100,000. The male-to-female ratio was 2.8; about 60% were below the age of 30 years.
The prevalence of HIV in voluntary blood donors has risen steadily and fast. Efficient measures need to be taken urgently to prevent HIV test-seeking through blood donor programmes, to promote voluntary blood donation in low-risk groups and to enforce the Blood Donation Law strictly.
1998 年，中国颁布了《献血法》，以应对中国中部农村地区由于不卫生和商业性采血而导致的艾滋病流行。本研究旨在首次全面回顾自 1998 年以来，自愿献血者中艾滋病毒感染的流行率、趋势和其他流行病学特征的现有数据。
检索了主要的英文和中文数据库，并构建了系统评价。使用随机效应或固定效应模型计算按省份和年份计算的合并感染率。
共有 87 项研究符合纳入标准。在过去的 10 年中，从自愿献血者中总共发现了 2573 例 HIV 阳性病例；合并流行率为 13.22/100,000，范围为 0.74-125.97/100,000。在报告年度数据的 24 个省份中，HIV 流行率从 5.62/100,000 上升到 28.90/100,000。男女性别比为 2.8；约 60%的人年龄在 30 岁以下。
自愿献血者中 HIV 的流行率呈稳步快速上升趋势。迫切需要采取有效措施，防止通过献血者计划寻求 HIV 检测，促进低风险人群的自愿献血，并严格执行《献血法》。
