Schlaghecken Friederike, Birak Kulbir S, Maylor Elizabeth A
University of Warwick.
Psychol Aging. 2012 Jun;27(2):541-2. doi: 10.1037/a0028835.
Reports an error in "Age-related deficits in low-level inhibitory motor control" by Friederike Schlaghecken, Kulbir S. Birak and Elizabeth A. Maylor (Psychology and Aging, 2011[Dec], Vol 26[4], 905-918). The authors discovered that the method proposed for individually extracting priming effects from time course analysis may lead to some spurious effects. In view of possible spurious effects from their application of time course analysis, the authors adopted an alternative strategy that retains their attempt to take an individual approach to identifying NCEs in older participants who may vary more than young participants in terms of the prime-target SOA at which NCEs initially appear. This reanalysis is presented in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2011-10375-001.) Inhibitory control functions in old age were investigated with the "masked prime" paradigm in which participants executed speeded manual choice responses to simple visual targets. These were preceded-either immediately or at some earlier time-by a backward-masked prime. Young adults produced positive compatibility effects (PCEs)-faster and more accurate responses for matching than for nonmatching prime-target pairs-when prime and target immediately followed each other, and the reverse effect (negative compatibility effect, NCE) for targets that followed the prime after a short interval. Older adults produced similar PCEs to young adults, indicating intact low-level motor activation, but failed to produce normal NCEs even with longer delays (Experiment 1), increased opportunity for prime processing (Experiment 2), and prolonged learning (Experiment 3). However, a fine-grained analysis of each individual's time course of masked priming effects revealed NCEs in the majority of older adults, of the same magnitude as those of young adults. These were significantly delayed (even more than expected on the basis of general slowing), indicating a disproportionate impairment of low-level inhibitory motor control in old age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
弗里德里克·施拉格肯、库尔比尔·S·比拉克和伊丽莎白·A·梅勒（《心理学与衰老》，2011年12月，第26卷第4期，905 - 918页）的《与年龄相关的低水平抑制性运动控制缺陷》报告了一个错误。作者发现，从时程分析中单独提取启动效应所提出的方法可能会导致一些虚假效应。鉴于他们应用时程分析可能产生的虚假效应，作者采用了一种替代策略，该策略保留了他们尝试采用个体方法来识别老年参与者中的非匹配负启动效应（NCEs）的做法，这些老年参与者在NCEs最初出现时的启动刺激 - 目标刺激间隔时间（prime - target SOA）方面可能比年轻参与者变化更大。勘误中给出了此重新分析。（原始文章的以下摘要出现在记录2011 - 10375 - 001中。）使用“掩蔽启动刺激”范式研究了老年人的抑制控制功能，在该范式中，参与者对简单视觉目标执行快速手动选择反应。这些反应之前——要么立即，要么在更早的时间——有一个反向掩蔽启动刺激。当启动刺激和目标刺激紧接着出现时，年轻人产生了正兼容性效应（PCEs）——匹配的启动刺激 - 目标刺激对比不匹配的对反应更快、更准确，而对于在短时间间隔后跟随启动刺激的目标刺激则产生相反的效应（负兼容性效应，NCE）。老年人产生了与年轻人相似的PCEs，表明低水平运动激活完好，但即使延迟更长时间（实验1）、增加启动刺激处理机会（实验2）和延长学习时间（实验3），也未能产生正常的NCEs。然而，对每个个体的掩蔽启动效应时程进行的精细分析显示，大多数老年人中存在NCEs，其大小与年轻人的相同。这些NCEs显著延迟（甚至比基于普遍变慢预期的还要延迟），表明老年人低水平抑制性运动控制存在不成比例的损害。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2012美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
