a University of Sussex , Brighton , UK.
Cogn Emot. 2005 Feb 1;19(2):217-43. doi: 10.1080/02699930441000292.
Two experiments are described that investigate the effects of attention in moderating evaluative conditioning (EC) effects in a picture-picture paradigm in which previously discovered experimental artifacts (e.g., Field & Davey, 1999 ) were overcome by counterbalancing conditioned stimuli (CSs) and unconditioned stimuli (USs) across participants. Conditioned responses for individuals who had attention enhanced were compared against a control group and groups for whom attention was impeded using a distracter task. In a second experiment the effects of attention were dissociated from those of contingency awareness by using backward-masked US presentations. The results of these experiments indicate that although associative EC effects may not be disrupted by a lack of contingency awareness, attention is an important factor in establishing conditioning. These results shed some light onto the possible boundary conditions that could explain past inconsistencies in obtaining EC effects in the visual paradigm.
描述了两个实验，这些实验探讨了在图片-图片范式中，注意对评价性条件作用（EC）效应的调节作用。在该范式中，通过在参与者之间平衡条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US），克服了先前发现的实验artifact（例如，Field & Davey，1999）。使用分心任务来阻碍注意力的个体的条件反应与对照组和注意力受阻的组进行了比较。在第二个实验中，通过使用掩蔽的 US 呈现来分离注意力的作用和条件作用意识的作用。这些实验的结果表明，尽管关联 EC 效应可能不会因缺乏条件作用意识而受到干扰，但注意力是建立条件作用的重要因素。这些结果为解释过去在视觉范式中获得 EC 效应的不一致性的可能边界条件提供了一些线索。
