Department of Psychology, CB#3270, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2013 Mar;39(2):633-41. doi: 10.1037/a0028881. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
Serial attention models of eye-movement control during reading were evaluated in an eye-tracking experiment that examined how lexical activation combines with visual information in the parafovea to affect word skipping (where a word is not fixated during first-pass reading). Lexical activation was manipulated by repetition priming created through prime-target pairs embedded within a sentence. The boundary technique (Rayner, 1975) was used to determine whether the target word was fully available during parafoveal preview or whether it was available with transposed letters (e.g., Herman changed to Hreman). With full parafoveal preview, the target word was skipped more frequently when it matched the earlier prime word (i.e., was repeated) than when it did not match the earlier prime word (i.e., was new). With transposed-letter (TL) preview, repetition had no effect on skipping rates despite the great similarity of the TL preview string to the target word and substantial evidence that TL strings activate the words from which they are derived (Perea & Lupker, 2003). These results show that lexically based skipping is based on full recognition of the letter string in parafoveal preview and does not involve using the contextual constraint to compensate for the reduced information available from the parafovea. These results are consistent with models of eye-movement control during reading in which successive words in a text are processed 1 at a time (serially) and in which word recognition strongly influences eye movements.
在一项眼动实验中评估了阅读过程中的串行注意模型，该实验考察了词汇激活如何与视知觉信息结合来影响单词略读（在首次阅读时忽略一个单词）。词汇激活通过在句子中嵌入的启动-目标对来进行重复启动来操纵。边界技术（Rayner，1975）用于确定目标单词在视区预览期间是否完全可用，或者它是否可用（即字母被置换）（例如，Herman 变为 Hreman）。在完全视区预览下，当目标词与较早的启动词匹配（即重复）时，它比不匹配时（即新）更频繁地被跳过。在置换字母（TL）预览下，尽管 TL 预览字符串与目标词非常相似，并且有大量证据表明 TL 字符串激活了它们所源自的单词（Perea & Lupker，2003），但重复对跳过率没有影响。这些结果表明，基于词汇的略读是基于在视区预览中对字母串的完全识别，不涉及使用上下文约束来弥补视区提供的信息量减少的问题。这些结果与阅读过程中的眼动控制模型一致，在这些模型中，文本中的连续单词一次（串行）进行处理，并且单词识别强烈影响眼动。
