Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2013 Jan;39(1):196-207. doi: 10.1037/a0028645. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
Five experiments examined what is learned based on the perceptual and semantic information of objects in visual statistical learning (VSL). In the familiarization phase, participants viewed a sequence of line drawings and detected repetitions of various objects. In a subsequent test phase, they watched 2 test sequences (statistically related triplets vs. unrelated foils) and decided whether the first or second sequence was more familiar based on the familiarization phase. In Experiment 1A, the test sequences comprised line drawings; in Experiment 1B, they comprised word stimuli representing each line drawing. The results showed that performance for statistically related triplets was greater than chance. In Experiments 2 and 3 containing the forward ABC and backward CBA triplets in the test, the results showed the importance of temporal order, especially in line drawings. In Experiment 4, in which the forward triplets were pitted against the backward triplets, we showed that temporal order is still important for the expression of VSL with word stimuli. Finally, in Experiment 5, we replicated the results of Experiments 2 and 3 even with the images of visual objects. These results suggest the parallel processes on the visual features and semantic information of objects in VSL.
五项实验检验了基于视觉统计学习（VSL）中物体的感知和语义信息的学习内容。在熟悉阶段，参与者观看一系列线条图，并检测各种物体的重复出现。在随后的测试阶段，他们观看了 2 个测试序列（统计相关的三重奏与不相关的衬底），并根据熟悉阶段判断第一或第二序列更为熟悉。在实验 1A 中，测试序列由线条图组成；在实验 1B 中，它们由代表每个线条图的单词刺激组成。结果表明，统计相关三重奏的表现优于随机。在包含测试中正向 ABC 和反向 CBA 三重奏的实验 2 和 3 中，结果表明时间顺序的重要性，尤其是在线条图中。在实验 4 中，我们将正向三重奏与反向三重奏进行对比，表明时间顺序对于具有单词刺激的 VSL 的表达仍然很重要。最后，在实验 5 中，即使使用视觉对象的图像，我们也复制了实验 2 和 3 的结果。这些结果表明 VSL 中物体的视觉特征和语义信息并行处理。
