Kim Sunghyun, Beck Melissa R
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 239 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2020 Aug;82(6):2876-2892. doi: 10.3758/s13414-020-02063-6.
Contexts that predict characteristics of search targets can guide attention by triggering attentional control settings for the characteristics. However, this context-driven search has most commonly been found in the spatial dimension. The present study explored the context-driven search when shape contexts predict the color of targets: non-spatial context-driven search. It has been demonstrated that context-driven search requires cognitive resources, and evidence of non-spatial context-driven search is found when there is an increase in cognitive resources for the shape/color associations. Thus, the scarcity of evidence for non-spatial context-driven search is potentially because the context-driven search requires more cognitive resources for shape/color associations than for spatial/spatial associations. In the current study, we violated a previously 100% consistent shape/color association with two mismatch trials to encourage allocation of cognitive resources to the shape/color association. Three experiments showed that the shape-predicted color cues captured attention more than the non-predicted color cues, indicating that shape contexts triggered attentional control settings for a color predicted by the contexts. Furthermore, the shape contexts guided attention to the predicted color only after the two mismatch trials, suggesting that expression of the non-spatial context-driven search may require cognitive resources more than the spatial context-driven search.
能够预测搜索目标特征的情境可以通过触发针对这些特征的注意力控制设置来引导注意力。然而，这种情境驱动的搜索最常见于空间维度。本研究探讨了形状情境预测目标颜色时的情境驱动搜索：非空间情境驱动搜索。研究表明，情境驱动搜索需要认知资源，并且当形状/颜色关联的认知资源增加时，会发现非空间情境驱动搜索的证据。因此，非空间情境驱动搜索的证据稀缺可能是因为情境驱动搜索对于形状/颜色关联比对空间/空间关联需要更多的认知资源。在当前研究中，我们通过两个不匹配试验打破了之前100%一致的形状/颜色关联，以鼓励将认知资源分配到形状/颜色关联上。三个实验表明，形状预测的颜色线索比未预测的颜色线索更能吸引注意力，这表明形状情境触发了针对情境预测颜色的注意力控制设置。此外，形状情境仅在两个不匹配试验之后才将注意力引导至预测颜色，这表明非空间情境驱动搜索的表现可能比空间情境驱动搜索需要更多的认知资源。
