Department of Health Studies, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Clin Transplant. 2012 May-Jun;26(3):E246-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2012.01666.x.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the efficacy of an educational intervention on renal recipient's knowledge, compliance, self-efficacy, and quality of life.
In total, 159 renal recipients were randomized to the intervention (N = 77) or control group (N = 82). A total of 139 participants reached second measure point (7-8 wk post-Tx), and 120 participants reached third measure point (six months post-Tx). The intervention consisted of five tailored one-to-one sessions. Primary outcome was measured by a knowledge questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were measured by "The General- Self-efficacy Scale," SF-12 and by number of patient observations (Compliance).
Significantly higher levels of knowledge were found in the experimental group compared with the control group at both measure points (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004). Compliance was significantly higher in the experimental group at second measure point (p = 0.000). At third measure point, the experimental group reported significantly better scores on self-efficacy (p = 0.036) and mental score of quality of life (p = 0.001).
This structured, tailored educational intervention, applied in a 7-8 wk post-transplant period, increased renal recipients' levels of knowledge on both short and long terms. Furthermore, the intervention was beneficial for patients' compliance, self-efficacy, and mental quality of life.
本随机对照试验的目的是测试一项教育干预对肾移植受者知识、依从性、自我效能感和生活质量的疗效。
共有 159 名肾移植受者被随机分为干预组（N=77）或对照组（N=82）。共有 139 名参与者达到第二次测量点（移植后 7-8 周），120 名参与者达到第三次测量点（移植后 6 个月）。干预措施包括五次量身定制的一对一课程。主要结果通过知识问卷进行测量。次要结果通过“一般自我效能感量表”、SF-12 和患者观察次数（依从性）进行测量。
在两个测量点，实验组的知识水平明显高于对照组（p=0.002 和 p=0.004）。实验组在第二次测量点的依从性明显更高（p=0.000）。在第三次测量点，实验组在自我效能感（p=0.036）和生活质量的心理评分（p=0.001）方面的评分明显更好。
这种结构化、定制的教育干预措施，在移植后 7-8 周内实施，提高了肾移植受者在短期和长期的知识水平。此外，干预措施对患者的依从性、自我效能感和心理健康质量有益。
