Lappas Dimitrios, Noussios George, Anagnostis Panagiotis, Adamidou Fotini, Chatzigeorgiou Antonios, Skandalakis Panagiotis
Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Anat Sci Int. 2012 Sep;87(3):160-4. doi: 10.1007/s12565-012-0142-1. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
Surgical management of parathyroid gland disease may sometimes be difficult, due mainly to the surgeon's failure to successfully detect parathyroids in unusual locations. The records of 942 cadavers (574 men and 368 women) who underwent autopsy in the Department of Forensic Medicine in Athens during the period 1988-2009 were reviewed. In total, 3,796 parathyroid glands were resected and histologically verified. Parathyroid glands varied in number. In 47 cases (5 %), one supernumerary (fifth) parathyroid was found, while in 19 cases (2 %) three parathyroid glands found. Superior glands were larger than inferior ones. However, there was no significant difference between the genders with respect to gland size. In 324 (8.5 %) out of 3,796, the glands were detected in an ectopic location: 7 (0.2 %) in the thyroid parenchyma, 79 (2 %) in different sites in the neck and 238 (6.3 %) in the mediastinum, 152 (4.1 %) of which were found in the upper and 86 (2.2 %) in the lower mediastinum. Significant anatomical variations of normal parathyroid glands may exist regarding number and location-knowledge that is essential for their successful identification and surgical management.
甲状旁腺疾病的外科治疗有时可能会很困难，主要原因是外科医生未能成功检测到位于异常位置的甲状旁腺。回顾了1988年至2009年期间在雅典法医学系接受尸检的942具尸体（574名男性和368名女性）的记录。总共切除了3796个甲状旁腺并进行了组织学验证。甲状旁腺的数量各不相同。在47例（5%）中，发现了一个额外的（第五个）甲状旁腺，而在19例（2%）中发现了三个甲状旁腺。上级甲状旁腺比下级的大。然而，在腺体大小方面，两性之间没有显著差异。在3796个甲状旁腺中，有324个（8.5%）位于异位：7个（0.2%）位于甲状腺实质内，79个（2%）位于颈部不同部位，238个（6.3%）位于纵隔，其中152个（4.1%）位于上纵隔，86个（2.2%）位于下纵隔。正常甲状旁腺在数量和位置上可能存在显著的解剖变异，这一知识对于它们的成功识别和外科治疗至关重要。
