Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jul 4;60(26):6627-40. doi: 10.1021/jf301601v. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
We compared the kinetics and efficacies of sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid, phosphoric acid-based detergent, chlorinated alkaline detergent, quaternary ammonium-based sanitizer, and peracetic acid-based sanitizer for inactivating the potential bioterrorism agents ricin and abrin in simple buffers, food slurries (infant formula, peanut butter, and pancake mix), and in dried food residues on stainless steel. The intrinsic fluorescence and cytotoxicity of purified ricin and abrin in buffers decreased rapidly in a pH- and temperature-dependent manner when treated with sodium hypochlorite but more slowly when treated with peracetic acid. Cytotoxicity assays showed rapid and complete inactivation of ricin and crude abrin in food slurries and dried food residues treated 0-5 min with sodium hypochlorite. Toxin epitopes recognized by ELISA decayed more gradually under these conditions. Higher concentrations of peracetic acid were required to achieve comparable results. Chlorinated alkaline detergent was the most effective industrial agent tested for inactivating ricin in dried food residues.
我们比较了次氯酸钠、过氧乙酸、基于磷酸的清洁剂、含氯碱性清洁剂、季铵盐消毒剂和基于过氧乙酸的消毒剂在简单缓冲液、食品糊（婴儿配方奶粉、花生酱和薄饼混合料）以及不锈钢上干燥食物残渣中对蓖麻毒素和相思豆毒素这两种潜在生物恐怖主义制剂的动力学和功效。在缓冲液中，当用次氯酸钠处理时，纯化的蓖麻毒素和相思豆毒素的固有荧光和细胞毒性会迅速且显著地受到 pH 值和温度的影响而降低，但当用过氧乙酸处理时，降低速度则较为缓慢。细胞毒性测定表明，在 0-5 分钟内用次氯酸钠处理食品糊和干燥食物残渣可以快速且完全地使蓖麻毒素和粗制相思豆毒素失活。在这些条件下，酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）所识别的毒素表位的衰减更为缓慢。需要更高浓度的过氧乙酸才能达到类似的效果。含氯碱性清洁剂是测试过的用于使干燥食物残渣中蓖麻毒素失活的最有效工业试剂。
