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本文引用的文献

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Utility of combinations of biomarkers, cognitive markers, and risk factors to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer disease in patients in the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative.阿尔茨海默病神经影像倡议中生物标志物、认知标志物和风险因素组合对预测轻度认知障碍患者向阿尔茨海默病转化的效用
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;68(9):961-9. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.96.
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Executive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment is associated with changes in frontal and cingulate white matter tracts.轻度认知障碍中的执行功能障碍与额顶叶和扣带回白质束的变化有关。
J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;27(2):453-62. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2011-110290.
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Different β-amyloid oligomer assemblies in Alzheimer brains correlate with age of disease onset and impaired cholinergic activity.阿尔茨海默病脑中不同的β-淀粉样寡聚体组装与疾病发病年龄和胆碱能活性受损相关。
Neurobiol Aging. 2012 Apr;33(4):825.e1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.05.003. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
4
APOE and Alzheimer disease: a major gene with semi-dominant inheritance.载脂蛋白 E 与阿尔茨海默病：一个具有半显性遗传的主要基因。
Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;16(9):903-7. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.52. Epub 2011 May 10.
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Cognitively preserved subjects with transitional cerebrospinal fluid ß-amyloid 1-42 values have thicker cortex in Alzheimer's disease vulnerable areas.认知功能正常但脑脊液β淀粉样蛋白 1-42 值发生变化的患者在阿尔茨海默病易感区域的皮质较厚。
Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Jul 15;70(2):183-90. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.017. Epub 2011 Apr 23.
6
The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease.阿尔茨海默病所致痴呆的诊断：美国国家老龄化研究所-阿尔茨海默病协会工作组关于阿尔茨海默病诊断指南的建议。
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7
The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease.阿尔茨海默病所致轻度认知障碍的诊断：美国国家老龄化研究所-阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南工作组的建议。
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8
Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease.为了定义阿尔茨海默病的临床前阶段：来自美国国家老龄化研究所-阿尔茨海默病协会工作组关于阿尔茨海默病诊断指南的建议。
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Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.帕金森病患者的轻度认知障碍。
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轻度认知障碍中的执行功能障碍：亚型还是早期症状？

Executive Dysfunction in MCI: Subtype or Early Symptom.

作者信息

Reinvang Ivar, Grambaite Ramune, Espeseth Thomas

机构信息

Center for the Study of Human Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;2012:936272. doi: 10.1155/2012/936272. Epub 2012 May 30.

DOI:10.1155/2012/936272
PMID:22693679
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3369514/
Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may take several forms, and amnestic MCI (aMCI) has been recognized as an early stage of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Impairment in executive functions including attention (eMCI) may be indicative of several neurodegenerative conditions. Executive impairment is frequently found in aMCI, it is significant for prognosis, and patients with eMCI may go on to develop AD. Recent studies have found changes in white matter integrity in patients with eMCI to be more sensitive than measures of cortical atrophy. Studies of genetic high-risk groups using sensitive cognitive neuroscience paradigms indicate that changes in executive function may be a cognitive marker useful for tracking development in an AD pathophysiological process.

摘要

轻度认知障碍（MCI）可能有多种形式，遗忘型MCI（aMCI）已被公认为阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期阶段。包括注意力在内的执行功能受损（eMCI）可能提示多种神经退行性疾病。执行功能障碍在aMCI中经常出现，对预后具有重要意义，且eMCI患者可能会发展为AD。最近的研究发现，eMCI患者白质完整性的变化比皮质萎缩指标更敏感。使用敏感的认知神经科学范式对遗传高危人群的研究表明，执行功能的变化可能是用于追踪AD病理生理过程发展的有用认知标志物。