饲粮类型和成分组成对肉鸡雏鸡肠道内氨基酸消化率和排空率的影响。

Effects of diet type and ingredient composition on rate of passage and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in broiler chicks.

机构信息

Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 38649, USA.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2012 Jul;91(7):1647-53. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02173.

DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02173

Abstract

This experiment evaluated rate of passage (ROP) and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility (AIAAD) of 4 diets varying in ingredient composition fed to broilers from 14 to 22 d of age. Two hundred and 88 Ross × Ross 708 chicks (12 birds per cage; 0.45 m(2) per bird) were randomly assigned to 24 cages (6 replicate cages per treatment) at 1 d of age. Experimental diets were 1) corn-soybean meal-based (CSM) diet containing porcine meat and bone meal (MBM; 5% inclusion), 2) CSM diet containing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 5% inclusion), 3) semipurified (SP) diet containing MBM (38% inclusion), and 4) SP diet containing DDGS (76% inclusion). Diets were formulated to contain 20% CP and were adequate for vitamins and minerals. Experimental diets were provided from d 14 to 22. On d 18, a total excreta collection was conducted every hour for 12 h from 0800 to 1900 h to determine ROP, and AIAAD was determined on d 22. Time of 1% TiO(2) excretion (T1), 50% TiO(2) excretion (T50), and mean retention time (MRT) were used to express ROP. The SP-MBM diet reached T1 (P < 0.05) faster than the SP-DDGS or 2 CSM diets. However, T50 indicated a faster (P < 0.05) ROP for SP-DDGS than the 2 CSM diets, and no significant difference was observed between the 2 SP diets. The MRT of the SP-DDGS diet (5.13 h) was less (P < 0.05) than the MRT of the SP-MBM, CSM-MBM, and CSM-DDGS diets, which resulted in values of 5.48, 5.62, and 5.58 h, respectively. In general, the AIAAD values were higher (P < 0.05) for the 2 CSM diets than for SP diets. Except for His, no statistical differences were observed between the AIAAD of the 2 CSM diets. Comparing the 2 SP diets, AIAAD was usually similar or higher (P < 0.05) for SP-DDGS, except for His, Lys, and Gly, which were higher (P < 0.05) for SP-MBM. Based on T50 and MRT, SP diets containing DDGS had a faster ROP in broilers than CSM diets or SP diets containing MBM.

摘要

本试验评估了从 14 日龄到 22 日龄的 4 种不同饲料成分的肉鸡的通过速率（ROP）和表观回肠氨基酸消化率（AIAAD）。208 只罗斯 308 肉鸡（每笼 12 只鸡；每只鸡 0.45m²）在 1 日龄时被随机分配到 24 个笼子（每个处理 6 个重复笼）中。试验饲料为 1）以玉米-豆粕为基础的（CSM）饲料，含有猪骨肉粉（MBM；5%添加），2）含有干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS；5%添加）的 CSM 饲料，3）半纯化（SP）饲料，含有 MBM（38%添加），4）含有 DDGS（76%添加）的 SP 饲料。日粮配制成含有 20%CP，且维生素和矿物质充足。从 14 日龄到 22 日龄提供试验日粮。18 日龄时，从 0800 到 1900 每小时收集 12 小时的总排泄物，以确定 ROP，22 日龄时测定 AIAAD。1%TiO₂排泄时间（T1）、50%TiO₂排泄时间（T50）和平均保留时间（MRT）用于表示 ROP。SP-MBM 日粮比 SP-DDGS 或 2 种 CSM 日粮更快达到 T1（P＜0.05）。然而，T50 表明 SP-DDGS 的 ROP 更快（P＜0.05），比 2 种 CSM 日粮更快，而 SP 两种日粮之间没有显著差异。SP-DDGS 日粮的 MRT（5.13 小时）比 SP-MBM、CSM-MBM 和 CSM-DDGS 日粮的 MRT（5.48、5.62 和 5.58 小时）更短（P＜0.05）。一般来说，2 种 CSM 日粮的 AIAAD 值高于 SP 日粮（P＜0.05）。除了组氨酸外，2 种 CSM 日粮之间的 AIAAD 没有统计学差异。与 2 种 SP 日粮相比，SP-DDGS 的 AIAAD 通常相似或更高（P＜0.05），除了组氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸，这些氨基酸在 SP-MBM 中的含量更高（P＜0.05）。基于 T50 和 MRT，含有 DDGS 的 SP 日粮在肉鸡中的 ROP 比 CSM 日粮或含有 MBM 的 SP 日粮更快。