Ajtay Gyöngyi, Bérdi Márk, Szilágyi Simon, Perczel Forintos Dóra
SE AOK Klinikai Pszichologia Tanszek, Budapest, Hungary.
Psychiatr Hung. 2012;27(2):92-102.
The low level of problem solving skills is among the main cognitive factors of suicide vulnerability. Problem solving training (PST), a short, structured form of therapy for in- and out-patients, was developed for the improvement of problem solving skills. The Hungarian adaptation and initial results of PST are presented in this pilot study.
Thirty-four participants between age 18 and 60 with previous suicide attempt, major or recurrent depression in their psychiatric history were assigned to out-patient PST groups. Training lasted for eight weeks, one session per week. Participant's level of depression, anxiety, hopelessness, coping styles and problem solving skills were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the training.
Post PST assessments showed a significant decrease of level of depression and hopelessness (t=3,029, p<0,001 - t=2,291 p<0,05), an increase of problem analysing and goal orientation scores (p<0,05), while emotion centered coping scores indicated significant decrease (p<0,001).
Our results show that the PST can be an efficient, user friendly method in suicide prevention in out- and in-patients. For the more accurate assessment of the efficacy of PST control group studies, and the follow-up of the participants will be needed in the future.
解决问题能力低下是自杀易感性的主要认知因素之一。解决问题训练（PST）是一种针对门诊和住院患者的简短、结构化治疗方法，旨在提高解决问题的能力。本试点研究介绍了PST在匈牙利的改编情况及初步结果。
34名年龄在18至60岁之间、有过自杀未遂经历且精神病史中有重度或复发性抑郁症的参与者被分配到门诊PST组。训练持续八周，每周一次。在训练开始和结束时评估参与者的抑郁、焦虑、绝望程度、应对方式和解决问题的能力。
PST后的评估显示，抑郁和绝望程度显著降低（t=3.029，p<0.001 - t=2.291，p<0.05），问题分析和目标导向得分增加（p<0.05），而以情绪为中心的应对得分显著降低（p<0.001）。
我们的结果表明，PST可以成为一种有效且用户友好的预防门诊和住院患者自杀的方法。未来需要进行对照组研究以更准确地评估PST的疗效，并对参与者进行随访。
