Pani G, Molinu M G, Dore A, Venditti T, Petretto A, D'Hallewin G
CNR - ISPA, Traversa La Crucca, 3 - Loc. Baldinca, 07040 Sassari, Italy.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2011;76(4):721-5.
Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea are among the pathogens most frequently affecting apples and grapes after harvest, respectively. We studied the behaviour of these moulds when subjected to different concentrations of methanol (MeOH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a alternative method to fungicides in controlling postharvest decay of horticultural products. The experiments were performed with 5 cm Petri dishes containing PDA amended with 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 microL/mL of the two tested chemicals. Freshly prepared conidia of B. cinerea and P. expansum were sown onto the media and then kept into an incubation chamber at 21 degrees C up to 3 and 6 days, respectively. Daily, the colony forming units (cfu), the colony diameter and the degree of sporification were monitored. Compared to the control, both chemicals affected the growth rate of the two pathogens. The P. expansum and B. cinerea cfu value was not significantly inhibited but the colony diameter and the sporification degree decreased when concentration was raised. B. cinerea cultured on DMSO showed a significant drop of sporification up to the tested concentration of 10 microL/mL, and a complete inhibition of cfu when the concentration was higher than 20 microL/mL.
扩展青霉和灰葡萄孢分别是采后最常侵染苹果和葡萄的病原菌之一。我们研究了这两种霉菌在接触不同浓度甲醇（MeOH）和二甲基亚砜（DMSO）时的行为，以此作为控制园艺产品采后腐烂的杀菌剂替代方法。实验在直径5厘米的培养皿中进行，培养皿中含有添加了0、5、10、20、30、40或50微升/毫升这两种受试化学物质的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）。将新制备的灰葡萄孢和扩展青霉分生孢子接种到培养基上，然后分别在21摄氏度的培养箱中培养3天和6天。每天监测菌落形成单位（cfu）、菌落直径和产孢程度。与对照相比，两种化学物质均影响两种病原菌的生长速率。扩展青霉和灰葡萄孢的cfu值未受到显著抑制，但随着浓度升高，菌落直径和产孢程度降低。在DMSO上培养的灰葡萄孢，在测试浓度达到10微升/毫升时产孢显著下降，当浓度高于20微升/毫升时cfu完全受到抑制。
