Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas & de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico.
Future Microbiol. 2012 Jun;7(6):705-17. doi: 10.2217/fmb.12.39.
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxic due to their N-glycosidase activity catalyzing depurination at the universally conserved α-sarcin loop of the 60S ribosomal subunit. In addition, RIPs have been shown to also have other enzymatic activities, including polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase activity. RIPs are mainly produced by different plant species, but are additionally found in a number of bacteria, fungi, algae and some mammalian tissues. This review describes the occurrence of RIPs, with special emphasis on bacterial RIPs, including the Shiga toxin and RIP in Streptomyces coelicolor recently identified in S. coelicolor. The properties of RIPs, such as enzymatic activity and targeting specificity, and how their unique biological activity could be potentially turned into medical or agricultural tools to combat tumors, viruses and fungi, are highlighted.
核糖体失活蛋白（RIPs）因其 N-糖苷酶活性而具有毒性，可催化 60S 核糖体亚基中普遍保守的α-假尿嘧啶环脱嘌呤。此外，RIPs 还具有其他酶活性，包括多核苷酸：腺嘌呤糖苷酶活性。RIPs 主要由不同的植物物种产生，但也存在于许多细菌、真菌、藻类和一些哺乳动物组织中。本文综述了 RIPs 的发生情况，特别强调了细菌 RIPs，包括最近在 S. coelicolor 中鉴定出的志贺毒素和链霉菌中的 RIP。本文还强调了 RIPs 的特性，如酶活性和靶向特异性，以及它们独特的生物学活性如何可能被转化为医学或农业工具，用于对抗肿瘤、病毒和真菌。
