National Oceanography Centre, 6 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2012 Aug;64(8):1564-79. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.019. Epub 2012 Jun 16.
The construction of a new generation of coastal power stations in the UK and other western European countries has highlighted the absence of robust standards for thermal discharges to transitional and coastal waters. The proposed discharge volumes are greater than hitherto, yet there has been little independent critical examination of their potential impact, whilst much of the existing guidance has been adapted from freshwater practice. This review considers the available knowledge on the tolerance and behaviour of fish and other marine biota to heated effluents. Appropriate ways are suggested of grouping fish species to reflect their sensitivity to thermal effects. The plethora of existing standards are considered and their validity assessed in a framework of predicted seawater temperature rise. Those species or groups of organisms most likely to be affected are identified and finally specific recommendations for thermal standards consistent with long term sustainability are proposed.
新一代英国和其他西欧沿海发电站的建设凸显了向过渡水域和沿海水域进行热排放缺乏强有力的标准。拟议的排放量大于以往，但对其潜在影响几乎没有进行独立的批判性审查，而大部分现有准则都改编自淡水实践。本审查考虑了有关鱼类和其他海洋生物对热废水的耐受性和行为的现有知识。建议采用适当的方法对鱼类进行分组，以反映它们对热效应的敏感性。考虑了大量现有的标准，并在预测海水温度升高的框架内评估了它们的有效性。确定了最有可能受到影响的物种或生物群体，并最终提出了与长期可持续性相一致的热标准的具体建议。
