Szumała Patrycja, Szeląg Halina
Department of Fats and Detergents Technology, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
J Surfactants Deterg. 2012 Jul;15(4):485-494. doi: 10.1007/s11743-011-1323-y. Epub 2012 Jan 15.
In this study the effect of temperature, NaCl and oils (hydrocarbons: C(8)-C(16)) on the formation and solubilization capacity of the systems of oil/monoacylglycerols (MAG):ethoxylated fatty alcohols (CEO(20))/propylene glycol (PG)/water was investigated. The effects of the surfactant mixture on the phase behavior and the concentration of water or oil in the systems were studied at three temperatures (50, 55, 60 °C) and with varied NaCl solutions (0.5; 2; 11%). Electrical conductivity measurement, FTIR spectroscopy and the DSC method were applied to determine the structure and type of the microemulsions formed. The dimension of the microemulsion droplets was characterized by dynamic light scattering. It has been stated that the concentration of CEO(20) has a strong influence on the shape and extent of the microemulsion areas. Addition of a nonionic surfactant to the mixture with MAG promotes an increase in the area of microemulsion formation in the phase diagrams, and these areas of isotropic region did not change considerably depending on the temperature, NaCl solution and oil type. It was found that, depending on the concentration of the surfactant mixture, it was possible to obtain U-type microemulsions with dispersed particles size distribution ranging from 25 to 50 nm and consisting of about 30-32% of the water phase in the systems. The conditions under which the microemulsion region was found (electrolyte and temperature-insensitive, comparatively low oil and surfactant concentration) could be highly useful in detergency.
在本研究中，考察了温度、氯化钠和油类（碳氢化合物：C(8)-C(16)）对油/单酰甘油（MAG）：乙氧基化脂肪醇（CEO(20)）/丙二醇（PG）/水体系的形成及增溶能力的影响。在三个温度（50、55、60°C）下以及不同氯化钠溶液（0.5%；2%；11%）条件下，研究了表面活性剂混合物对体系相行为以及水或油浓度的影响。应用电导率测量、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）来确定所形成微乳液的结构和类型。通过动态光散射对微乳液滴的尺寸进行表征。研究表明，CEO(20)的浓度对微乳液区域的形状和范围有很大影响。向与MAG的混合物中添加非离子表面活性剂会促进相图中微乳液形成区域的增加，并且这些各向同性区域的面积不会因温度、氯化钠溶液和油类类型而有显著变化。研究发现，根据表面活性剂混合物的浓度，有可能获得U型微乳液，其分散颗粒尺寸分布在25至50纳米之间，体系中水相占比约为30 - 32%。发现微乳液区域的条件（对电解质和温度不敏感，油和表面活性剂浓度相对较低）在去污方面可能非常有用。
