Readex Research, Stillwater, MN 55082, USA.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Mar;112(3 Suppl):S64-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2011.12.010.
At the behest of the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR) Workforce Demand Task Force, a retrospective examination and reanalysis of 12 primary research projects (sponsored by CDR and/or the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics between 1995 and 2011) was undertaken to identify trends in supply of and demand for registered dietitians (RDs) and dietetic technicians, registered (DTRs). The analysis suggests that supply of RDs (and possibly DTRs) lags slightly behind demand-although, in the case of DTRs, that does not necessarily imply that demand is growing (supply was shrinking throughout most of the study period). The population of both groups is aging, and the number of RDs and DTRs reporting expected retirement in the near future is sure to affect supply/demand relationships. Neither group reflects the US population as a whole in terms of either sex or racial/ethnic diversity, and the trend lines in these areas are essentially flat. RD practice is seen to be moving incrementally toward the clinical arena, in inpatient and (increasingly) outpatient settings. The proportion of RDs in clinical long-term-care, as well as in food/nutrition management and consultation/business practice, is decreasing; a longer-term trend away from foodservice is noted. There is small growth in both the prevalence and the compensation of clinical specialists in areas like renal, pediatrics, and weight management at the expense of more general clinical practitioners. In a trend likely related to the increase in clinical practice, RD positions are gradually losing managerial responsibility. DTRs have experienced a similar phenomenon. For almost all RD positions in the clinical arena, registration as an RD is a requirement for employment, suggesting that clinical employment should continue to grow along with the increasing health care demand from an aging population. The DTR credential is not required at similarly high rates. A major supply issue is the relative shortage of DTRs in certain parts of the country, particularly the South. Major effects from the June 2009 inauguration of the Pathway III route to registration as a DTR have been noted.
应营养师注册管理委员会（CDR）劳动力需求工作组的要求，对 12 个主要研究项目（由 CDR 和/或营养与饮食学会在 1995 年至 2011 年期间赞助）进行了回顾性检查和重新分析，以确定注册营养师（RDs）和注册营养技师（DTRs）的供应和需求趋势。分析表明，RDs（可能还有 DTRs）的供应略微落后于需求-尽管在 DTRs 的情况下，这并不一定意味着需求在增长（在整个研究期间，供应都在萎缩）。这两个群体的人口都在老龄化，而且预计近期退休的 RD 和 DTR 的数量肯定会影响供求关系。就性别或种族/民族多样性而言，这两个群体都没有反映出美国人口的整体情况，而且这些领域的趋势线基本上是持平的。RD 实践逐渐向临床领域发展，包括住院和（越来越多）门诊环境。RD 在临床长期护理、食品/营养管理和咨询/商业实践中的比例正在下降；注意到从餐饮服务中脱离的长期趋势。临床专科（如肾脏、儿科和体重管理）的患病率和薪酬都有所增长，而更为一般的临床医生的比例则有所下降。在与临床实践增加相关的趋势中，RD 职位逐渐失去了管理职责。DTR 也经历了类似的现象。在临床领域的几乎所有 RD 职位中，作为 RD 注册是就业的要求，这表明随着人口老龄化对医疗保健需求的增加，临床就业应该会继续增长。DTR 凭证的要求率没有那么高。一个主要的供应问题是在某些地区（特别是南部地区）DTR 的相对短缺。自 2009 年 6 月第三阶段途径注册为 DTR 以来，已经注意到了主要影响。
