Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1M9.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Aug;33(3):230-51. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.06.002. Epub 2012 Jun 16.
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling greatly impacts the development and growth of the central nervous system (CNS). IGF-I and IGF-II, two ligands of the IGF system, exert a wide variety of actions both during development and in adulthood, promoting the survival and proliferation of neural cells. The IGFs also influence the growth and maturation of neural cells, augmenting dendritic growth and spine formation, axon outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and myelination. Specific IGF actions, however, likely depend on cell type, developmental stage, and local microenvironmental milieu within the brain. Emerging research also indicates that alterations in IGF signaling likely contribute to the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. This review summarizes experimental studies and shed light on the critical roles of IGF signaling, as well as its mechanisms, during CNS development.
胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）信号对中枢神经系统（CNS）的发育和生长有重大影响。IGF-I 和 IGF-II 是 IGF 系统的两种配体，在发育和成年期都具有广泛的作用，促进神经细胞的存活和增殖。IGFs 还影响神经细胞的生长和成熟，增强树突生长和棘突形成、轴突生长、突触形成和髓鞘形成。然而，特定的 IGF 作用可能取决于细胞类型、发育阶段和大脑内的局部微环境。新兴研究还表明，IGF 信号的改变可能导致一些神经疾病的发病机制。这篇综述总结了实验研究，阐明了 IGF 信号在 CNS 发育过程中的关键作用及其机制。
