慢性包皮炎患者标本中厌氧细菌对抗生素的高流行率和耐药率。

High prevalence and resistance rates to antibiotics in anaerobic bacteria in specimens from patients with chronic balanitis.

机构信息

Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.

出版信息

Anaerobe. 2012 Aug;18(4):414-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.06.002. Epub 2012 Jun 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.06.002

Abstract

Aim of the study was to assess both prevalence and antibiotic resistance in anaerobic bacteria from glans penis skin of 70 adults. Strain susceptibility was determined by breakpoint susceptibility test or E test. In 9 asymptomatic, 48 untreated and 13 treated symptomatic patients, anaerobes were found in 22.2%, 70.8% and 53.3%, respectively. Gram-positive strains (GPAs) were 2.2-fold more common than Gram-negative ones. Prevalent Gram-negative (GNAs) and GPAs were Prevotella spp. and anaerobic cocci, respectively. Clostridium difficile strain was found in an untreated patient. In GNAs, resistance rates to amoxicillin, metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanate were 42.1, 0, 52.6, 53.3, 86.7 and 5.2%, respectively. In GPAs, the resistance rates to metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were 18.2, 34.1, 52.6, 36.8 and 0%, respectively. In conclusion, anaerobes were 1.6-fold more frequent in untreated symptomatic patients compared with other patients, suggesting their participation in development of chronic balanitis. GPAs were more common than GNAs. The resistance rates to amoxicillin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and levofloxacin were high. Most active agents were metronidazole and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Resistance in anaerobes varies according to sites of specimens and years of study.

摘要

目的

评估 70 名成年人龟头皮肤厌氧细菌的流行率和抗生素耐药性。采用折点药敏试验或 E 试验测定菌株的药敏性。在 9 例无症状、48 例未经治疗和 13 例有症状但经治疗的患者中，分别有 22.2%、70.8%和 53.3%的患者发现了厌氧菌。革兰阳性菌（GPAs）比革兰阴性菌（GNAs）常见 2.2 倍。流行的革兰阴性菌（GNAs）和 GPAs 分别为普雷沃菌属和厌氧球菌。在一名未经治疗的患者中发现了艰难梭菌菌株。在 GNAs 中，对阿莫西林、甲硝唑、克林霉素、四环素、左氧氟沙星和阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药率分别为 42.1%、0%、52.6%、53.3%、86.7%和 5.2%。在 GPAs 中，对甲硝唑、克林霉素、四环素、左氧氟沙星和阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药率分别为 18.2%、34.1%、52.6%、36.8%和 0%。结论：与其他患者相比，未经治疗的有症状患者中厌氧菌的频率增加了 1.6 倍，这表明它们参与了慢性龟头炎的发生。GPAs 比 GNAs 更为常见。对阿莫西林、克林霉素、四环素和左氧氟沙星的耐药率较高。最有效的药物是甲硝唑和阿莫西林/克拉维酸。厌氧菌的耐药性根据标本部位和研究年限而有所不同。