Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012 Aug;16(8):1100-7. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0779. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
Madang and surroundings, Papua New Guinea (PNG).
To characterise the genetic diversity and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates collected in Madang and surroundings.
M. tuberculosis was isolated from sputum samples from active pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Drug resistance profiles were obtained by drug susceptibility testing. M. tuberculosis lineages were identified by single nucleotide polymorphisms and sub-typing was performed by spoligotyping. Spoligotyping and 24 locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats were combined to identify clustered isolates.
The 173 M. tuberculosis isolates collected belonged predominantly to the Euro-American lineage (Lineage 4) and the East-Asian lineage (Lineage 2). Multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis were observed in 5.2% of isolates. Lineage 2 M. tuberculosis, which includes the 'Beijing' genotype, was significantly associated with any drug resistance (OR 5.2, 95%CI 1.8-15.1). Cluster analyses showed 44% molecularly clustered isolates, suggesting transmission of M. tuberculosis in the community, including transmission of primary drug-resistant M. tuberculosis.
These data provide the first insight into the molecular characteristics of M. tuberculosis in the Madang area of PNG, and indicate substantial drug resistance with evidence of ongoing transmission.
巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）马当及周边地区。
对马当及周边地区分离的结核分枝杆菌进行基因多样性和药敏特征分析。
从活动性肺结核病例的痰样本中分离结核分枝杆菌。通过药敏试验获得耐药谱。通过单核苷酸多态性鉴定结核分枝杆菌谱系，通过 spoligotyping 进行亚型鉴定。 spoligotyping 和 24 个位点分枝杆菌插入重复单元-可变数串联重复结合用于鉴定聚类分离株。
共收集到 173 株结核分枝杆菌分离株，主要属于欧洲-美洲谱系（谱系 4）和东亚谱系（谱系 2）。5.2%的分离株存在耐多药结核分枝杆菌。包括“北京”基因型在内的谱系 2 结核分枝杆菌与任何耐药性显著相关（OR5.2，95%CI1.8-15.1）。聚类分析显示 44%的分离株存在分子聚类，表明社区中结核分枝杆菌的传播，包括原发性耐药结核分枝杆菌的传播。
这些数据首次提供了巴布亚新几内亚马当地区结核分枝杆菌分子特征的见解，表明存在大量耐药性，且存在持续传播的证据。
