Hammami S, Hajem S, Barhoumi A, Koubaa N, Gaha L, Laouani Kechrid C
Service de médecine interne, CHU F. Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisie.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2012 Aug;60(4):287-93. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.02.004. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
Depression is the most usual mental disorder in the elderly, but underdiagnosed and undertreated. Its prevalence is variable. Symptoms of depression present in the elderly can be masked and difficult to recognize. The purpose of this study was to examine prevalence and risk factors for depression in elderly living in their home.
A cross-sectional study of randomly selected homes in randomly selected geographical islets was carried out Monastir City (Tunisia). Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted among the elderly aged more than 65 years living in their home. Depression symptoms were assessed using a Mini-Geriatric Depression Scale. The relationship between the risk of depression and sociodemographic and health-related variables was studied using logistic regression.
Out of 598 (female 66 %, mean (SD) age 72.3 (7.4) years) elderly persons interviewed, 136 (22.7 %) were screened to have a Mini-Geriatric Depression Scale more than or equal to 1. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the following were significant (P<0.01) independent predictors of risk of depression: female sex (OR=2.36 [95 % CI=1.43-3.94]), having a low level of education (OR=4.02 [95 % CI=1.38-11.65]), disability (OR=3.50 [95 % CI=1.94-6.46]), a history of stroke (OR=2.90 [95 % CI=1.20-7.72]) and the use of hypnotic medications (OR=2.47 [95 % CI=1.38-4.42]).
This study suggests that the risk of depression is a common psychiatric disorder in elderly living in their home, and underlines the usefulness of the Mini-Geriatric Depression Scale to detect the risk of depression in the elderly. This clinical approach should be encouraged in all medical practices to improve the prognosis of depression in the elderly.
抑郁症是老年人中最常见的精神障碍，但诊断不足且治疗不充分。其患病率各不相同。老年人中出现的抑郁症状可能被掩盖且难以识别。本研究的目的是调查居家老年人抑郁症的患病率及危险因素。
在突尼斯莫纳斯提尔市对随机选择的地理区域内随机抽取的家庭进行横断面研究。对65岁以上居家老年人进行基于问卷的访谈。使用简易老年抑郁量表评估抑郁症状。采用逻辑回归研究抑郁风险与社会人口学及健康相关变量之间的关系。
在接受访谈的598名老年人（女性占66%，平均（标准差）年龄72.3（7.4）岁）中，136人（22.7%）的简易老年抑郁量表得分大于或等于1。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，以下因素是抑郁风险的显著（P<0.01）独立预测因素：女性（比值比=2.36 [95%置信区间=1.43 - 3.94]）、低教育水平（比值比=4.02 [95%置信区间=1.38 - 11.65]）、残疾（比值比=3.50 [95%置信区间=1.94 - 6.46]）、中风病史（比值比=2.90 [95%置信区间=1.20 - 7.72]）以及使用催眠药物（比值比=2.47 [95%置信区间=1.
