Nemschak Gregor, Pretterklieber Michael L
Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Anat Res Int. 2012;2012:713838. doi: 10.1155/2012/713838. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
Even though the vascular supply of the human patella has been object of numerous studies until now, none of them has described in detail the rich arterial supply provided via the infrapatellar fat pad (of Hoffa). Therefore, we aimed to complete the knowledge about this interesting and clinically relevant topic. Five human patellae taken from voluntary body donators were studied at the Department of Applied Anatomy of the Medical University of Vienna. One was dissected under the operation microscope, a second was made translucent by Sihlers-solution, and three underwent angiography using a 3D X-ray unit. The results revealed that the patella to a considerable amount is supplied by arteries coursing through the surrounding parts of the infrapatellar fat pad. The latter were found to branch off from the medial and lateral superior and inferior genicular arteries. Within the infrapatellar fat pad, these arteries formed a dense network of anastomoses which are all contributing to the viability of the patellar bone. Due to the rich arterial supply reaching the patella via the infrapatellar fat pad, it seems advisable to preserve the fat pad during surgery of the knee in order to reduce the risk of vascular impairment of the patella.
尽管迄今为止人类髌骨的血管供应一直是众多研究的对象，但尚无一项研究详细描述通过（霍法氏）髌下脂肪垫提供的丰富动脉供应。因此，我们旨在完善关于这个有趣且与临床相关主题的知识。在维也纳医科大学应用解剖学系对取自自愿遗体捐赠者的五个人类髌骨进行了研究。其中一个在手术显微镜下进行解剖，另一个用西勒氏溶液使其半透明，还有三个使用三维X射线装置进行血管造影。结果显示，相当一部分髌骨由穿过髌下脂肪垫周围部分的动脉供血。发现这些动脉从膝上内侧和外侧动脉以及膝下内侧和外侧动脉分支出来。在髌下脂肪垫内，这些动脉形成了密集的吻合网络，所有这些都有助于髌骨的存活。由于通过髌下脂肪垫到达髌骨的动脉供应丰富，在膝关节手术期间保留脂肪垫似乎是可取的，以降低髌骨血管受损的风险。
